QUESTION: 33 Exam Topic: 1, Biology

Which of the following statements correctly ex-plains the flow of energy through a food web?

There is more and more energy available as one moves up the food web in order to supply the larger organisms with the energy they need.
Organisms of the third trophic level use three times the amount of energy that organisms of the second trophic level use.
Radiant energy from the sun is shared equally at all trophic levels of the food web.
Energy is recycled through an ecosystem much as carbon and nitrogen are.
There is a step-like decline of available energy from one trophic level to the next as organisms use energy for activities such as growth and reproduction.

Answer(s): E

Explanation:

At each level of the food web, there is a decline in available energy as organisms use the energy they acquired through eating. The energy is used for growth and development, feeding, and reproduction. This is the reason why food webs do not have, say, 10 or 12 trophic levels there simply is not enough energy available. Energy does not cycle through food webs like certain elements or compounds. It comes in from the sun, is used to build complex molecules, and changed in form entirely.

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QUESTION: 34 Exam Topic: 1, Biology

An animal cell is placed in a solution containing a solute concentration greater than that of the cell's cytoplasm. The cell membrane is permeable to water but not to the solutes. What is likely to happen to the cell?

The cell will swell due to active transport of water.
The cell will shrivel due to active transport of water.
The cell will shrivel due to osmosis.
The cell will swell due to osmosis.
No change will occur in the size of the cell.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

If the cell is not permeable to the solutes, only water can move freely back and forth. A higher solute concentration out-side the cell will pull water from the cell cytoplasm out and cause the cell to shrivel up.

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QUESTION: 35 Exam Topic: 1, Biology

The two sides of the U-tube shown below are separated by a semi-permeable membrane that allows water but not sucrose to pass through it. Side A is filled with a 10% sucrose solution, and Side B is filled with a 15% sucrose solution. After the system reaches equilibrium, which of the following will have occurred?

The water level of Side A will be higher than Side B.
The water level of Side B will be higher than Side A.
The concentration of sucrose on Side A will be higher than on Side B.
The concentration of sucrose on Side B will be higher than it started out.
There will be no change in water levels on either side.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Because Side B has the higher sucrose concentration and because the membrane is impermeable to the sugar, water will move from Side A to "dilute" the sugar on Side B, causing the water level of Side B to rise up. At equilibrium, the concentrations of sucrose on both sides will be equal.

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QUESTION: 36 Exam Topic: 1, Biology

Organisms in which of the following kingdoms are prokaryotic?

Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
Monera

Answer(s): E

Explanation:

The Monera is the kingdom of bacteria, now often represented as two separate kingdoms Archae- and Eubacteria due to genetic differences. All bacteria are prokaryotes and vice-versa. All other kingdoms are eukaryotic.

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QUESTION: 36 Exam Topic: 1, Biology

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