You patient is a 17-year-old male found face down in a swimming pool. He is currently being held face up at the surface of the water, he is unconscious but breathing and has a pulse. What is the best course of action for this patient?
Answer(s): C
Since you do not know what caused the patient to become unconscious, spinal precautions need to be taken.
A laceration, spurting bright red blood most likely means what type of injury.
Answer(s): B
The brighter the blood, the more oxygen it holds. Since arterial blood comes from the heart, it is rich in oxygen.
Your patient has a laceration to the right leg which has intersected the femoral artery. You have applied direct pressure to the wound, but it continues to soak through the bandages. What should you do next?
Elevating the leg above the heart can help control bleeding. If that fails the next step would be to use a pressure point. When applying bandages, you should not remove the old ones, just apply the new ones over the old ones.
Of the two types of energy transfer, which type is a motor vehicle crash (MVC) with frontal impact, non-restrained driver with bent steering wheel and spidered windshield?
Answer(s): D
Blunt trauma is not limited to just getting stabbed or shot. Blunt trauma is any injury which is caused by something penetrating the human body and having energy transferred to the human body. Blunt trauma can be caused by decelerating injury like a front-end impact of a car against a tree.
Any penetrating missile traveling over 2,000 ft/sec would be classified as:
Any projectile which is traveling greater than 2,000 ft/sec is indeed high velocity and carries with it a high potential for kinetic energy transfer. An example would be rifle rounds which can deliver a large projectile over long distances with devastating consequences.
When there is penetrating trauma there is a permanent cavity which is formed by the projectile contacting the tissues. How is a temporary cavity formed?
When a projectile is traveling through space it is giving off energy as it pushes away the air molecules. When it impacts with human tissue, kinetic energy is taken away from the projectile to the tissues. When this projectile is a high velocity missile, the tissue which absorbs this energy transfer is often damaged but not disrupted enough to be permanently damaged.
The way a patient is injured is often referred to as the _______________.
Answer(s): A
The mechanism of injury transfers energy to the patient, causing a pattern of injury which is predictable. The way a patient is injured is referred to as the mechanism of injury. For example, a frontal impact auto accident is the mechanism of injury. This allows the clinician to predict the type of injuries the patient may have and predict their response to treatment. Injury pattern can be predicted by looking at the mechanism of injury.
When approaching a scene of trauma incident, your first order of business is:
Scene safety must be the first order of business upon approaching the scene. If you are injured then you cannot help those you were called to help, plus you will now compound the incident since you are now a victim. Body substance isolation is important after you arrive at the scene and approach the patient (s). Once you find the patient, then airway/C-spine control are the next steps.
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