A company's website is responsible for the theft of customer credit card numbers. An investigation determined private keys for certificates were stolen, allowing attackers to decrypt traffic between clients and the website. Which of the following types of attacks does this describe?

Man-in-the-middle
Keylogger
Zero-day
Brute force

Answer(s): D

Show Answer Next Question

QUESTION: 18

A technician is upgrading a Windows OS for a user. The user logs in, opens a third-party web browser, and receives an error message. The technician tries logging in with the administrator account, and the browser works fine. The user tries to log in again but receives the same message as before. The technician then attempts to browse to the program’s directory and gets an access denied error. Which of the following is causing this issue?

Renamed system files
Changed file permissions
Invalid root certificate
Browser redirection

Answer(s): C

Show Answer Next Question

QUESTION: 19

A user's machine is running slowly, especially when the user tries to browse the Internet. A technician examines the logs and sees several TCP connections from a specific IP address. Which of the following commands should the technician run to determine the FQDN of the device causing this traffic?

tracert
net use
nslookup
pathping

Answer(s): C

Show Answer Next Question

QUESTION: 20

A company implemented a policy whereby connecting a computer that is not on the approved list will disable the switch interface. Which of the following was implemented?

Access control lists
MAC filtering
Port security
MDM policy

Answer(s): B

Show Answer Next Question

Download PDF Next Page

Viewing page 6 of 64
Viewing questions 21 - 24 out of 701 questions

Post your Comments and Discuss CompTIA 220-1002 exam prep with other Community members:

Comments:

Name:

220-1002 Exam Discussions & Posts
220-1002 AI Verifications

anon on: March 04, 2025
Anyone use the free version to help them pass the test? Can't really afford the pdf version right now.
UNITED STATES

senan on: March 02, 2025
salam bu ne suallardi bele
AZERBAIJAN

HCipher on: February 12, 2025
i can certify for anyone planning to take the exam that these questions are up to date and representative of the actual exam, but i strongly urge you to read, and understand the material as comprehensively as you could ensuring you learned as best as you possibly could. before learning the dumps, as acquiring the certificate without any knowledge gained is a futile endeavor for your career progression and the likes
PORTUGAL

The Professor on: December 21, 2024
Passed the A+ today. Many of these questions are valid but be careful to read your questions first because the answer may change based on the conditions in the question
UNITED STATES

CompTIA on: December 03, 2024
These questions are valid but you can't rely on them. We do not use these questions no more. On god.
UNITED STATES

Jury on: April 10, 2024
i just passed my A+ core 2 today. 4 of my PBQ was exactly the same with this practice test. it6 is really worth understanding all the questions here. big help!! thank you so much!! Aiming for my Sec+ now before 601series expires in July
Anonymous

Marc on: March 14, 2024
This exam dumps is valid in US as of yesterday. I can say that it helped a lot with my exam. A lot of relevant topics.
UNITED STATES

Jacob on: February 12, 2024
This exam is one of the hardest ones. You cannot pass without using these exam dumps. Just an FYI to others, majority of these questions are in the exam.
Italy

GetGo on: August 11, 2023
It was pretty easy to pass this exam with the help of this exam dumps PDF. Free version is not complete. I paid for the full version with 50% sale.
Anonymous

AI Explanation - verified by User8027 on: August 15, 2026
Question 8:
Question 8 is testing how Salesforce declarative field types map to Apex data types.
The intended answers are likely A, D, and E, but option D appears to contain a typo:

A. Number ? Decimal — Correct. Salesforce Number fields are represented in Apex as Decimal.

D. Date/Time ? Datetime — This is correct conceptually, but “Dateline” is not an Apex type. If the option literally says “Dateline,” it is incorrect.

E. Checkbox ? Boolean — Correct. A checkbox contains true or false.

Incorrect options:

Number ? Integer — A Number field maps to Decimal, even when its scale is zero.

Text Area ? List<String> — A text area maps to a single String, not a list.

So, the answer key is relying on D meaning Datetime. As written, the question has a typographical error; the technically correct mapping is Number ? Decimal, Date/Time ? Datetime, and Checkbox ? Boolean.
Bengaluru, India

AI Explanation - verified by User6522 on: August 31, 2026
Question 22:
Question 22: Correct answer — B. AAA
A RADIUS server provides AAA:

Authentication — verifies who the user is.

Authorization — determines what the authenticated user is allowed to access.

Accounting — records session activity, such as login time and resource usage.

RADIUS is commonly used for centralized authentication of network access, such as wireless networks, VPNs, and network devices.
Why the others are incorrect:

CIA — confidentiality, integrity, and availability; core security objectives.

ACL — access control list; rules that permit or deny traffic or access.

PEM — Privacy Enhanced Mail, an older email security standard.

The answer key’s B is correct.
Tampa, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User6753 on: August 27, 2026
Question 26:
Correct answer: IAM credential report (C).
An IAM credential report provides an account-wide report about IAM users, including:

Whether a user has a console password

Password age and last password change

Whether MFA is enabled

Access key status

Access key creation date and last-use information

Access key age, which helps audit rotation

This makes it suitable for compliance audits of password and access key rotation.
Why the others are incorrect:

IAM Access Analyzer identifies unintended access to resources; it does not report credential age or rotation.

AWS Artifact provides AWS compliance documents and agreements, not details about your IAM users.

AWS Audit Manager helps collect evidence for audits, but it is not the direct tool for viewing IAM credential rotation details.

Abbotsford British Columbia, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by User3103 on: September 01, 2026
Question 4:
Correct answer: D. Shadow IT
Shadow IT is the use of hardware, software, cloud services, or systems without the organization’s approval or oversight.
In this scenario, the R&D department is accessing company-related services without using the company VPN. This suggests they may be using unauthorized or unmanaged methods to access resources, creating visibility and security risks for the organization.

Espionage: Stealing information for intelligence or competitive purposes.

Data exfiltration: Unauthorized removal or transfer of data.

Nation-state attack: An attack sponsored or conducted by a government.

Shadow IT: Technology or access methods used outside approved IT processes.

The key clue is activity occurring outside the company’s approved security controls.
Biloxi, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User8074 on: August 30, 2026
Question 68:
Correct answer: A. Serverless architecture
Serverless architecture reduces deployment time and operational expense because the cloud provider manages:

Server provisioning

Operating systems and runtime infrastructure

Scaling

Much of the maintenance and patching

Developers can focus on deploying code, often as functions, without managing the underlying servers. Costs are commonly based on actual execution or resource usage.
Why the others are less appropriate:

Thin clients reduce endpoint hardware requirements but do not specifically streamline code deployment.

Private cloud provides dedicated cloud infrastructure but usually requires more management and expense.

Virtual machines improve resource utilization, but administrators still manage the VMs, operating systems, and deployments.

The key clue is reducing both deployment effort and infrastructure expense, which points to serverless computing.
Weston, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by User8074 on: August 28, 2026
Question 1:
Correct answer: B. Transfer
Purchasing cyber insurance shifts some of the financial risk to a third party—the insurance provider. This is a risk transfer strategy.

Accept: Acknowledge the risk and choose not to take additional action.

Transfer: Shift the risk or its financial impact to another party, such as through insurance or outsourcing.

Mitigate: Reduce the likelihood or impact of the risk, such as by implementing security controls.

Avoid: Eliminate the activity or condition that creates the risk.

The company is not removing the cyber risk entirely; it is transferring the potential financial consequences.
Weston, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by User5804 on: August 20, 2026
Question 5:
A resposta é A — Ajustar o prompt.
O prompt pode instruir diretamente o LLM sobre:

Idioma: “Responda em português.”

Tamanho: “Responda em até três frases.”

Formato: “Use uma lista com três recomendações.”

Objetivo: “Recomende produtos com base nas necessidades do cliente.”

As outras opções:

Mudar o tamanho do LLM: pode alterar capacidade e custo, mas não garante idioma ou respostas curtas.

Aumentar a temperatura: aumenta a criatividade e a aleatoriedade; não controla diretamente o tamanho ou idioma.

Aumentar o Top K: permite considerar mais tokens prováveis, aumentando a variedade; também não é o mecanismo principal para controlar idioma ou comprimento.

Portanto, quando a necessidade é alinhar o comportamento e o formato da resposta às expectativas da empresa, deve-se começar por melhorar o prompt.
Itu, Brazil

AI Explanation - verified by User5431 on: September 04, 2026
Question 26:
Correct answer: C. Red team
A red team acts like an attacker and attempts to exploit identified vulnerabilities in the organization’s systems. This helps determine whether a vulnerability is actually exploitable and what impact it could have.

Blue team: Defends systems, monitors activity, and responds to attacks.

Purple team: Coordinates red- and blue-team activities to improve defenses.

White team: Oversees or manages the exercise, including rules and scope.

Because the question asks who should test whether a vulnerability can be exploited, the red team is the best choice.
Waldorf, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User3237 on: August 19, 2026
Question 1:
Correct answer: D — Verify that the VPC route table includes a route for the Amazon S3 gateway endpoint.
When an AWS Glue job runs inside a VPC and accesses Amazon S3 privately, the subnet’s route table must be associated with an S3 gateway VPC endpoint. The endpoint adds a route for S3 traffic, allowing the job to reach S3 without using a NAT gateway or internet gateway.
Why the other options are not best:

A: Security groups do not control traffic to an S3 gateway endpoint in this way. Gateway endpoints are configured through route tables.

B: An S3 bucket policy may be needed for authorization, but the error specifically indicates a connectivity or endpoint-routing problem.

C: Glue connection settings do not require a fully qualified domain name to resolve this endpoint issue.

Strictly speaking, gateway endpoints require the appropriate route-table association and endpoint route; “inbound and outbound routes” is imprecise because the key requirement is the route directing S3 traffic to the endpoint.
Piracaia, Brazil

AI Explanation - verified by User9060 on: August 24, 2026
Question 21:
Correct answer: A — If a monitored port exceeds the maximum administrative power value, the port is shut down and placed in err-disabled state.
With PoE power monitoring and policing, the switch compares the power drawn by the connected powered device (PD) against the port’s configured or default maximum administrative power.
If consumption exceeds that limit, the switch:

Generates a syslog message

Shuts down the PoE port

Places the port into error-disabled (err-disabled) state

Frees the power allocation

The other statements are incorrect:

A device starting to draw power does not necessarily generate a syslog message.

Monitoring does not pause data traffic while checking power.

Drawing less than the configured minimum does not automatically mean the device has failed and should be disconnected.

The key exam concept is: exceeding the administrative PoE power limit triggers shutdown and err-disabled.
Johannesburg, South Africa

AI Explanation - verified by User8074 on: August 29, 2026
Question 35:
Correct answer: A. Residual risk
Residual risk is the risk that remains after security controls and other mitigating factors have been applied.
For example, an organization may deploy firewalls, encryption, and access controls. These reduce the likelihood or impact of a threat, but they usually cannot eliminate risk entirely. The remaining exposure is residual risk.
Why the others are incorrect:

Inherent risk: Risk that exists before controls are implemented.

Avoided risk: Risk eliminated by choosing not to perform the risky activity.

Operational risk: Risk arising from failures in processes, people, systems, or daily operations.

The key phrase is “after controls and mitigating factors have been applied.”
Weston, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by User4985 on: September 05, 2026
Question 12:
Correct answer: 5 network interfaces (A).
Reasoning:

Each Azure VM must have at least one network interface (NIC).

A single NIC can have:

- A private IP address in the virtual network. - A public IP address associated with its IP configuration.

Therefore, each of the five VMs needs only one NIC:

5 VMs × 1 NIC = 5 NICs
The requirement for identical inbound and outbound security rules does not require additional NICs. You can apply the same network security group (NSG) to all five NICs, or associate one NSG with the subnet containing the VMs.
The options suggesting 10, 20, or 40 NICs incorrectly assume that public and private IP addresses each require separate NICs. They do not.
Guangzhou, China

AI Explanation - verified by User4371 on: August 31, 2026
Question 1:
Correct answers: A, C and E
Reasonable expectations of mentoring include:

Career enhancement — A mentor can provide guidance, advice, networking support and help the mentee identify career opportunities.

Support with new challenges — A mentor can help the mentee think through unfamiliar situations and develop confidence and practical solutions.

Personal development — Mentoring can improve skills such as communication, leadership, decision-making and self-awareness.

The other options are not appropriate:

Solving all problems — The mentor supports and guides the mentee but should not take responsibility for solving every problem.

Discipline would be dispensed if they make a mistake — Mentoring does not remove normal accountability or workplace consequences. Mistakes should instead become learning opportunities.

Maseru, Lesotho

AI Explanation - verified by User8774 on: September 03, 2026
Question 12:
Correct answer: B — Port security
A MAC flooding attack sends many fake source MAC addresses to a switch. The goal is to overwhelm the switch’s MAC address table, potentially causing it to behave like a hub and forward traffic out multiple ports.
Port security mitigates this by limiting which and how many MAC addresses are allowed on a switch port. It can:

Restrict a port to a defined number of MAC addresses

Use statically configured or “sticky” MAC addresses

Shut down or restrict the port when violations occur

Why the other options are less appropriate:

Load balancer: Distributes application traffic; it does not protect switch MAC tables.

IPS: May detect suspicious traffic but is not the primary control for switch-port MAC limits.

NGFW: Filters routed network traffic, not the switch’s CAM/MAC address table directly.

Reston, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User8074 on: August 29, 2026
Question 49:
Correct answer: C. Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP)
A DRP provides procedures for recovering IT infrastructure, systems, applications, and data after a disruptive event. Since the tornado destroyed the city’s primary data center, staff would use the DRP to activate recovery facilities, restore critical systems, and resume technology-dependent public services.
Why the others are less appropriate:

BCP (Business Continuity Plan): Ensures the organization can continue its broader business operations during and after a disruption. It is broader than the IT-focused recovery required here.

Communication plan: Defines how information is shared with employees, the public, and other stakeholders; it does not restore systems.

IRP (Incident Response Plan): Handles and contains security incidents, such as malware or unauthorized access. A tornado is a disaster, not primarily a cybersecurity incident.

The key clue is loss of the data center, which points to IT and infrastructure recovery through the DRP.
Weston, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by User1423 on: August 20, 2026
Question 13:
Correct answer: No
The answer key’s B is correct.

Azure Cosmos DB is a globally distributed NoSQL database service. It stores and retrieves application data, but it does not provide the tools needed to build, test, and deploy predictive analytics models.

Azure Machine Learning—including the historical Azure Machine Learning Studio—is designed for the machine-learning lifecycle:

- Build and train models - Test and evaluate models - Deploy models as endpoints or services
Therefore, using Azure Cosmos DB does not meet the requirement. The appropriate service is Azure Machine Learning.
Makati City, Philippines

AI Explanation - verified by User3934 on: August 30, 2026
Question 61:
Correct answer: B — The administrator needs to install the server certificate into the local truststore.
When an LDAP browser connects using LDAPS or LDAP with TLS, it validates the LDAP server’s certificate. If the certificate—or, preferably, its issuing CA certificate—is not trusted by the browser or operating system, certificate errors appear and the secure connection may be terminated.

A: Allow SAN certificates — SANs are used to identify valid hostnames in a certificate. They do not bypass trust validation.

C: Open the secure LDAP port — A blocked port would normally cause a timeout or connection-refused error, not certificate errors.

D: Increase the TLS version on the RA — The issue concerns certificate trust, not the organization’s registration authority.

The answer key’s B is correct. In a real deployment, importing the trusted CA chain into the browser’s truststore is generally preferable to trusting only the individual server certificate.
Milwaukee, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User6626 on: August 17, 2026
what additional feature does enterprise account has?
An enterprise account adds centralized governance across multiple GitHub organizations. Common enterprise-level capabilities include:

Manage multiple organizations from one hierarchy.

Enterprise-wide policies, including repository visibility, forking, and GitHub Copilot policies.

Centralized identity and access management, such as SAML SSO, SCIM provisioning, and—where applicable—Enterprise Managed Users.

Centralized billing and licensing, including organization and Copilot seat management.

Enterprise audit log, which aggregates activity across organizations.

Security and compliance oversight, such as organization security visibility and enterprise-wide controls.

Enterprise support and account management features, depending on the plan.

The key exam distinction is:

Organization: manages its own repositories, teams, members, and local policies.

Enterprise: governs multiple organizations and can enforce policies across them.

Exact features depend on the GitHub Enterprise plan and configuration.
Pune, India

AI Explanation - verified by User2896 on: August 22, 2026
Question 4:
Correct answer: SECURITYADMIN (B).
SECURITYADMIN is intended for security administration, including:

Creating and managing users and roles

Granting and revoking roles and privileges

Managing access-control responsibilities

Why the others are less appropriate:

SYSADMIN: Manages warehouses, databases, schemas, and other objects—not primarily users and roles.

PUBLIC: Automatically granted to every user; it is not an administrative role.

ACCOUNTADMIN: Has the highest level of access, but should be reserved for account-level administration and emergencies rather than routine security tasks.

In practice, Snowflake also provides USERADMIN for user and role creation, but for this exam question, SECURITYADMIN is the recommended choice because it covers broader security and access management.
Hyderabad, India

AI Explanation - verified by User2896 on: August 22, 2026
Question 37:
Question 37’s correct choices are A, C, and D.

A — VARIANT "null" values are not the same as SQL NULL: Correct.

In semi-structured data, JSON null stored in a VARIANT represents an actual JSON null value. SQL NULL means the absence of a value. They can behave differently in comparisons and functions.

B — Frequent, single-row DMLs: Incorrect.

Snowflake is optimized for set-based and batch operations. Frequent single-row INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statements can create unnecessary overhead. Load data in larger batches where possible.

C — Validate data before loading into the target table: Correct.

Data should be checked for format, structure, required fields, duplicates, and other quality issues before it reaches the production target. Snowflake supports validation approaches during loading and through staging workflows.

D — Use staging tables to manage MERGE statements: Correct.

A staging table can hold and validate incoming data before a MERGE applies inserts, updates, or deletes to the target. This makes the process more controlled and auditable.
Hyderabad, India

AI Explanation - verified by User1558 on: August 26, 2026
Derrick logs on to a system in order to read a file. In this example. Derrick is the
Derrick is the subject.

Subject: The entity that initiates an action—here, Derrick/user account.

Object: The resource being accessed— the file.

Action: Reading the file.

The answer key’s A is correct.
Charlotte, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User1015 on: August 24, 2026
which are correct options
The correct choices are the options that state:

Modify the database subnet NACL inbound rules to allow traffic from the new web subnet’s CIDR block on the MySQL port (3306).

Modify the database subnet NACL outbound rules to allow return traffic to the new web subnet’s CIDR block on the required ephemeral port range.

The answer choices were not included in your message, so I can’t identify the exact letters. Paste the options and I’ll map them precisely.
Pune, India

AI Explanation - verified by User7288 on: August 31, 2026
Question 83:
Correct answer: D. Change control process
The design is already released, so any identified issues must be handled through the organization’s change control process. This ensures proposed changes are:

Documented and evaluated

Assessed for security, cost, and operational impact

Reviewed and approved by the appropriate personnel

Tested before implementation

Tracked with version history and rollback procedures

Why the others are less suitable:

Risk management process: May help assess the issues, but it does not authorize and manage design changes.

Product design process: Applies primarily while creating a new design.

Design review process: Normally evaluates a design before release; this design is already released.

The key clue is “currently released design.” Changes to an existing approved design should follow change control.
Imperial Beach, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User9607 on: August 22, 2026
Question 1:
Correct answer: C. From the Redeploy blade, click Redeploy.
For an Azure VM, you cannot directly choose or control the underlying physical Azure host. Selecting Redeploy stops the VM, moves it to a different physical node in Azure, and starts it again.
Important points:

The VM keeps its configuration, disks, IP settings, and associated resources.

The operation may cause downtime.

You cannot guarantee that it will move specifically to Host2; Azure selects the new host.

Update management is for update configuration, not host relocation.

Moving to another subscription does not move the VM to a different physical host.

Usage location is unrelated to VM placement.

The question’s wording is slightly misleading because Host1 and Host2 sound like selectable Hyper-V hosts. For an Azure VM, they represent infrastructure nodes that Azure manages, so Redeploy is the applicable action.
Pune, India

AI Explanation - verified by User6626 on: August 17, 2026
Question 3:
Question 3 tests GitHub Copilot data retention for Business and Enterprise accounts.
The page’s answer key says B and C:

B — Prompts and suggestions retained for 28 days

C — User engagement data kept for two years

However, the 28-day answer may be outdated. GitHub’s current privacy documentation has stated for some Business and Enterprise contexts that prompts and suggestions are not retained, while limited engagement/usage data may be retained for longer—commonly listed as up to two years.
So:

The key distinction is between content data—your prompts, code context, and generated suggestions—and engagement data, such as usage activity.

Do not confuse retention with training: enterprise Copilot data is generally not used to train GitHub’s models without appropriate authorization.

For a current exam, verify the policy version cited by the exam provider. The key’s C is likely correct, but B should be treated cautiously and may no longer reflect the current policy.

Pune, India

AI Explanation - verified by andres_ji_es on: August 29, 2026
Question 529:
The answer key shows B, but I believe the better answer is A: Performing an external penetration test.
A penetration test is the strongest option for testing security effectiveness because it provides practical evidence of whether security controls can resist realistic attack techniques.
Why the others are weaker:

Reviewing security policies and standards checks whether controls are documented, not whether they work.

Reviewing security logs may show that monitoring is occurring, but does not directly establish that preventive controls are effective.

Analyzing technical security practices is broad and may assess implementation, but it is less objective than an actual controlled attack.

The exam distinction is:

Design/compliance effectiveness: policies, standards, and procedures

Operational effectiveness: logs, records, and evidence that controls operate

Technical security effectiveness: penetration testing or vulnerability testing

Because the question asks for the best test of effectiveness, the direct, evidence-based approach—an external penetration test—is most appropriate.
Bogotá, Colombia

AI Explanation - verified by User4279 on: August 18, 2026
Jusy read questions and answers in english
I’ve read the questions and answers in English.
Bengaluru, India

AI Explanation - verified by User3237 on: August 19, 2026
Question 3:
Correct answer: A — Use API calls to access and integrate third-party datasets from AWS Data Exchange.
AWS Data Exchange is designed for discovering, subscribing to, and consuming third-party datasets. It can provide datasets through supported delivery methods, including programmatic access, so the company can integrate external data into its analytics platform without building custom ingestion arrangements with each provider.
Why the other options are incorrect:

B — AWS DataSync: Transfers data between storage systems, such as S3, file systems, and on-premises storage. It is not a marketplace or catalog for third-party datasets.

C — Kinesis Data Streams and CodeCommit: CodeCommit is a source-code repository, not a third-party data provider. Kinesis is for streaming data ingestion.

D — Kinesis Data Streams and ECR: ECR stores container images, not datasets. Kinesis does not provide access to ECR data as an external dataset source.

The exam clue is “third-party datasets” plus “least operational overhead”: use the managed dataset discovery and subscription capabilities of AWS Data Exchange.
Piracaia, Brazil

AI Explanation - verified by thabelangmatuka on: August 26, 2026
Question 67:
Correct answers: A, B and C.
Outsourcing finance means using an external provider for activities such as bookkeeping, payroll, accounts payable or reporting.

A — Can help keep costs down and improve quality: The provider may have specialist expertise, efficient systems and economies of scale.

B — There is a known fee if agreed in advance: A fixed or agreed fee can make costs more predictable and support budgeting.

C — Allows management to focus on core operations and issues: Senior managers spend less time supervising routine finance processes and more time on strategic matters.

The other options are not normally advantages:

Increased control: Control may decrease because the activity is performed externally.

Increased independence: The organisation becomes dependent on the supplier.

Increased understanding of the outsourcing business: The internal organisation usually has greater business knowledge; the provider may initially lack it.

Increased confidentiality: Sharing financial information externally may create confidentiality risks.

Internal expertise improved: Outsourcing can reduce opportunities to develop internal finance skills.

Maseru, Lesotho

AI Explanation - verified by User2283 on: August 29, 2026
Question 6:
Correct answer: Governance
The AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) organizes cloud adoption guidance into six perspectives:

Business

People

Governance

Platform

Security

Operations

The Governance perspective contains foundational capabilities for managing and controlling cloud adoption, such as:

Cloud financial management

Portfolio management

Data governance

Risk management

Compliance

The other options—Sustainability, Performance efficiency, and Reliability—are pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework, not AWS CAF perspectives.
Philadelphia, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User7288 on: August 31, 2026
Question 85:
Correct answer: B. The attacker performed a pass-the-hash attack using a shared support account.
The key evidence is the Mimikatz command:
sekurlsa::pth /user:localadmin /domain:corp-domain.com /ntlm:<hash>
sekurlsa::pth performs pass-the-hash (PtH). Instead of needing the account’s plaintext password, the attacker uses its stolen NTLM hash to authenticate—often to remote systems.
Why the other options are incorrect:

Fileless malware: Nothing in the command indicates malware executing only in memory.

Living-off-the-land binaries: Mimikatz is a credential-access tool, not a normal system utility used for LOLBin abuse.

Social engineering: The command shows technical credential abuse, not manipulation of an accountant.

Important nuance: The command proves pass-the-hash, but it does not independently prove that localadmin was a shared support account. The answer key’s B is still the best option because it correctly identifies the pass-the-hash technique.
Imperial Beach, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User1551 on: August 30, 2026
Question 6:
Correct answer: B. SLA (Service-Level Agreement)
An SLA defines the service expectations between a customer and a vendor, including:

How quickly the vendor must respond to an incident or request

Target resolution times

Availability or uptime requirements

Performance metrics and penalties for not meeting them

Why the others are incorrect:

SOW (Statement of Work): Describes the project’s scope, tasks, deliverables, and timeline.

MOA (Memorandum of Agreement): Documents a formal agreement to cooperate or perform specific activities.

MOU (Memorandum of Understanding): Records a mutual understanding or intent, often less binding than a contract.

When a question mentions vendor response or resolution time, look for SLA.
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

AI Explanation - verified by User2034 on: August 23, 2026
Question 1:
Correct answer: A — Consult the risk register for an appropriate planned risk response and implement it.
The resource unavailability was an identified risk, and it has now occurred—so it is an issue. The project manager should first check the risk register and apply the predefined response, such as using a backup resource, adjusting assignments, or outsourcing the work.
Why the others are weaker:

B: Moving the task may affect the critical path and should not be done before evaluating the planned response and impacts.

C: Excluding a required task is not appropriate without formal analysis and stakeholder approval.

D: Lessons learned and the risk log should be updated, but only after or alongside managing the immediate issue; updating them is not the first action.

Exam cue: when an identified risk occurs, execute the planned risk response first and then update project records as needed.
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

AI Explanation - verified by User3103 on: September 01, 2026
Question 5:
Correct answer: A. Unidentified removable devices
Insider threats often already have legitimate access to systems and data, so they may not need phishing or impersonation. A removable device—such as an unauthorized USB drive—can be used to copy sensitive data directly from a company computer.

Default network device credentials: More associated with external attackers or poor device configuration.

Spear phishing emails: Commonly used to compromise users, but less characteristic of an insider who already has access.

Typosquatting and impersonation: Primarily social-engineering techniques aimed at deceiving users.

Unidentified removable devices: Provide a direct way to transfer data outside the organization and may bypass network monitoring.

The exam clue is “insider threat” combined with “data exfiltration.” Think of physical media, unauthorized cloud storage, personal email, or other ways an employee can move data outside approved channels.
Biloxi, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User7288 on: August 31, 2026
Question 84:
Correct answer: D. CVSS
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) is used to determine the severity of a vulnerability. It assigns a score—typically from 0.0 to 10.0—based on factors such as:

Ease of exploitation

Required privileges

User interaction

Impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability

Why the others are incorrect:

CVE: Identifies and names a specific publicly known vulnerability; it does not measure severity.

OSINT: Refers to intelligence gathered from publicly available sources.

SOAR: Automates and coordinates security operations, such as alert response and playbooks.

Exam clue: “determine the severity” points to CVSS, while “identify or reference a vulnerability” points to CVE.
Imperial Beach, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User3103 on: September 01, 2026
Question 2:
Question 2: Risk register — Answer C
A risk register is a centralized document used to record and track organizational risks. It commonly includes:

The identified risk

Its likelihood and potential impact

The person or team responsible for handling it

The response or treatment plan

Risk thresholds, such as when escalation or action is required

Current status and review dates

Why the others are incorrect:

Risk tolerance: The amount of risk an organization is willing to accept; it is a concept or limit, not usually the primary documentation.

Risk transfer: Moving the responsibility or financial impact of a risk to another party, such as through insurance.

Risk analysis: The process of evaluating risk likelihood and impact.

The answer key’s C is correct.
Biloxi, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User3250 on: August 31, 2026
Question 26:
AWS CloudTrail is correct because it records API activity, including successful and failed attempts to call Amazon Bedrock APIs. These logs can reveal unauthorized access attempts and support later IAM policy adjustments.
Amazon Fraud Detector is designed to identify potentially fraudulent business activities, such as:

Online payment fraud

Account takeover

Fake account creation

Suspicious transactions

It is not a general-purpose service for monitoring AWS API access or determining which IAM principals attempted to access Bedrock. For that purpose, use AWS CloudTrail, often with CloudWatch or Amazon GuardDuty for detection and alerting.
Mumbai, India

AI Explanation - verified by User3038 on: August 17, 2026
Explain Databricks
Azure Databricks is a cloud analytics platform based on Apache Spark. It provides a collaborative environment for data engineers, data scientists, and analysts to process large datasets and build machine-learning solutions.
Key components:

Workspace: Stores notebooks, libraries, jobs, and other project resources.

Notebooks: Interactive documents containing code, queries, visualizations, and explanations. Common languages include Python, SQL, Scala, and R.

Clusters: Groups of virtual machines that run Spark workloads. Clusters can be started, stopped, and automatically scaled.

Data access: Databricks can read from services such as Azure Data Lake Storage, Azure Blob Storage, and Azure SQL.

Jobs: Automate notebooks or data-processing workflows on a schedule or in response to events.

In Question 13, data engineers use Databricks to process data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage. Credential passthrough makes Databricks use each engineer’s Microsoft Entra identity when accessing storage. Consequently, ADLS permissions are evaluated individually rather than using one shared account.
For newer Databricks designs, Unity Catalog is commonly preferred for centralized data governance and access control. However, the exam question specifically tests the older Premium tier plus credential passthrough design.
Calgary, Canada

AI Explanation - verified by thabelangmatuka on: August 26, 2026
Can you just try and explain this one of pilot changeover as I can not get properly. you are also allowed to make some examples
A pilot changeover means introducing the new system to a small, selected part of the organisation first, before rolling it out everywhere.
The pilot group tests whether the system works properly and identifies problems. If successful, the organisation then implements it across the rest of the business.
Example: A law firm introduces a new accounting system in its property-law department only. For several weeks:

staff use the new system;

transactions and reports are checked;

problems are corrected;

feedback is collected.

Once the system works reliably, it is introduced to the family-law, commercial-law and litigation departments.
This is different from:

Phased changeover: different parts or functions are introduced in stages, often according to a planned sequence.

Pilot changeover: one representative department, branch or group acts as a test site before wider implementation.

Parallel changeover: old and new systems operate at the same time.

Direct changeover: the old system is stopped and the new one starts immediately.

For AB Company, a pilot could reduce risk, but it would require choosing a suitable department or location where the new system can be tested without exposing the entire organisation to failure.
Maseru, Lesotho

AI Explanation - verified by User9060 on: August 24, 2026
Question 8:
Correct answer: C — A leaf switch can be added with connections to every spine switch.
In a spine-and-leaf architecture:

Leaf switches provide access ports for servers, endpoints, and other devices.

Spine switches form the fabric’s backbone.

Every leaf connects to every spine, creating a predictable, high-bandwidth, low-latency path.

When more access ports are needed, adding another leaf switch expands the access layer. The new leaf connects to all existing spine switches, preserving redundancy and allowing traffic to use multiple paths.
Why the others are incorrect:

A: Adding both a spine and leaf is unnecessary for simply adding access ports.

B: Adding a spine does not directly provide endpoint access ports.

D: A single connection to one spine creates a bottleneck and a single point of failure.

Also, leaf switches connect to spines—not to other leaf switches—and spine switches do not connect directly to one another.
Johannesburg, South Africa

AI Explanation - verified by User1746 on: September 07, 2026
Question 4:
Answer: A — MPSK Local will allow the cameras to share one key and the scanners to use a different key.
MPSK means Multiple Pre-Shared Keys. It is useful for devices such as cameras and scanners that cannot perform 802.1X authentication.
With MPSK Local:

You can configure different pre-shared keys for different device groups.

All cameras could use one key.

All scanners could use another key.

Each key can be associated with an appropriate role or access policy.

This is more secure and manageable than using one shared WPA2/WPA3 key for every device type. If a group’s key is compromised, you can change that key without replacing the credentials for every other device.
Option B describes a possible MPSK concept—unique keys per device—but it is not the behavior specifically being tested for MPSK Local in this question. Option C refers to Central-based key derivation, while D incorrectly says that Local automatically provides unique keys.
Bangkok, Thailand

AI Explanation - verified by User1571 on: September 03, 2026
Question 4:
Correct answer: D — Inspect the pod events and container logs.
Probe failures indicate that Kubernetes cannot successfully contact or validate the application inside the container. Since node CPU and memory are normal, the problem is more likely related to:

The application failing to start or becoming unhealthy

An incorrect probe path, port, or protocol

The application needing more startup time

Dependency or configuration failures

A liveness probe being too aggressive

Start with:

bash kubectl describe pod <pod-name> kubectl logs <pod-name> --previous

kubectl describe pod shows events, including whether the failing probe is liveness, readiness, or startup. Container logs—especially with --previous—can show why the terminated container failed.
Why the others are incorrect:

Scale to more replicas: may hide the issue but does not diagnose it.

Decrease initialDelaySeconds: makes probes run earlier and could worsen startup failures.

Drain and reboot the node: node metrics are normal, so rebooting is not justified as the first step.

After identifying the cause, adjust the probe configuration or fix the application.
Prague, Czechia

AI Explanation - verified by User8758 on: August 27, 2026
Question 93:
Correct answer: D — Time-based tokens
The requirements point to TOTP (Time-based One-Time Password) tokens:

Works across SaaS and internal applications: TOTP is widely supported by authentication systems and can be integrated into many applications.

Device manufacturer agnostic: A hardware token or authenticator application can generate the code without depending on a specific computer or phone manufacturer.

Offline capability: The code is generated locally using a shared secret and the current time; an internet connection or cellular service is not required.

Why the others are weaker:

Username and password: May work offline but provides weaker authentication and does not meet the intended improvement in security.

Biometrics: Can depend on device hardware, operating-system support, and enrollment mechanisms.

SMS verification: Requires cellular connectivity and is vulnerable to threats such as SIM swapping.

The answer key’s D is consistent with the requirements.
Springfield, United States

AI Explanation - verified by User7832 on: September 07, 2026
Question 106:
The answer key shows D, Operational, but I believe the better answer is Managerial.
An Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) is a management-approved document that defines how users may use company systems, networks, and data. It is a form of administrative/managerial control because it establishes rules and direction.

Managerial: policies, standards, risk management, governance

Operational: procedures carried out by people, such as training, incident response, and backups

Technical: firewalls, encryption, access-control systems

Physical: locks, guards, cameras

Some study materials may classify user-related activities surrounding an AUP—such as enforcing or training users on it—as operational. However, the AUP itself is a policy, so Managerial is the more precise classification.
Rose Hill, Mauritius

AI Explanation - verified by Cammikaze2000 on: September 03, 2026
Question 10:
Correct answer: B — Management practices
Management practices enable an organization’s digital product and service management activities by providing the capabilities, knowledge, methods, and resources needed to manage products and services.
They support activities such as:

Planning and designing products and services

Developing and delivering them

Managing risks, suppliers, and resources

Measuring performance

Continually improving value delivery

Why the other options are less suitable:

Value stream steps describe activities used to create and deliver value; they do not themselves provide the broader capabilities.

Vision and operating model provide direction and structure, but they are not the practical management capabilities that enable the work.

Value chain is the operating model showing how activities combine to create value; it is enabled by practices and resources.

The key distinction is: the value chain describes how value is created, while management practices provide the capabilities needed to perform and manage that work.
London, United Kingdom

AI Explanation - verified by curl_thyme6l on: August 28, 2026
Question 51:
Question 51’s stated answer—B and C—is reasonable.

B. Users accessing Salesforce from public Wi-Fi

Public networks increase the chance that login credentials could be intercepted or exposed. With 2FA, a password alone is insufficient; the attacker also needs the second factor.

C. Users choosing the same password as their Facebook password

This is password reuse. If Facebook credentials are compromised, the reused Salesforce password may also be tried. 2FA helps because the stolen password alone should not complete the Salesforce login.
Why the others are weaker:

A: 2FA does not protect an already-authenticated, unlocked session if someone accesses an unattended laptop.

D: Weak password-reset questions are an account-recovery weakness. 2FA primarily strengthens login authentication, not necessarily the security-question reset process.

Exam takeaway: 2FA most directly mitigates risks from stolen or reused passwords. Technically, public Wi-Fi has additional threats—such as session theft—that 2FA may not prevent, but the exam is treating it as a credential-exposure risk.
Zagreb, Croatia

AI Explanation - verified by User8195 on: August 21, 2026
Question 18:
Question 18: Yes — the solution meets the goal. The answer key’s A is correct.

Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates define Azure resources in a declarative JSON file.

You can deploy the same template repeatedly for each business unit, ensuring that identical resources are created consistently.

Templates reduce manual administrative effort and support repeatable, automated deployments.

Parameters can customize values such as names, regions, and sizes while keeping the overall resource configuration the same.

Management groups organize subscriptions and apply governance; they do not automatically deploy collections of Azure resources.
La Chaux-De-Fonds, Switzerland

AI Explanation - verified by deanswalsh on: August 16, 2026
Question 112:
Yes—the displayed name Document.xml is exactly why this question is confusing. If Hide extensions for known file types is enabled, Windows hides the real .txt extension:

Actual filename: Document.xml.txt

Explorer displays: Document.xml

File type: Text Document (.txt)

When the user “renames” the displayed name to Document.xml, they are only changing the visible base name. Windows still retains the hidden .txt extension, so the file remains a text document.
The correct answer is D: Hide extensions—more precisely, disable Hide extensions for known file types in File Explorer’s Folder Options. Then the user can see and replace the complete filename:

text Document.txt ? Document.xml

The file type shown in Properties confirms that .txt is still the actual extension. Note that changing an extension does not convert the file’s contents; it only changes how Windows and applications identify it.
Anonymous

AI Explanation - verified by User6816 on: September 02, 2026
Question 2:
The answer key shows C, but I believe the correct answer is B: Continuously retrain the model on a combination of existing data and the new data.
Why:

User preferences change, so the model must learn from recent data.

Keeping the existing data helps preserve knowledge of older patterns and provides a broader training distribution.

Training only on new data can cause catastrophic forgetting and may overfit if the new dataset is small.

The new data should not automatically be used as the test set, because it is needed for training and the model must still be evaluated on separate, representative data.

Therefore, use a pipeline that periodically retrains the model with both historical and newly collected examples. The answer key’s C would be appropriate only if the goal were evaluating the existing model on new, unseen data—not adapting it to changing preferences.
Chennai, India

AI Explanation - verified by varshamadaan376 on: August 22, 2026
Question 16:
The answer key appears incorrect. The best answers are:

Use private connectivity from a cloud provider

Set up SSO for federated authentication

Why:

Private connectivity—such as a cloud provider’s private endpoint—keeps Snowflake access within the company’s private network path instead of exposing access over the public internet. This fits the VPN/VDI requirement.

SSO for federated authentication allows Snowflake users to authenticate using the credentials already managed by the company’s identity provider—the same identity system used for VDI—eliminating separate Snowflake passwords.

Why the keyed answers are not suitable:

Tri-Secret Secure protects encryption keys; it does not provide private network access or credential reuse.

A proxy Snowflake account outside the VPN conflicts with the requirement that Snowflake have no internet visibility and is not the normal solution for federated login reuse.

Therefore, I believe the correct choices should be C and D, not B and E.
Bengaluru, India

AI Tutor 👋 I’m here to help!

CompTIA 220-1002 Exam Prep (Retired and replaced with 220-1201) (Page 6 )

QUESTION: 17

QUESTION: 18

QUESTION: 19

QUESTION: 20

CompTIA 220-1002 Exam Prep
(Retired and replaced with 220-1201) (Page 6 )