The Wi-Fi Alliance added interoperability testing to the Wi-Fi certification process for 802.11a devices to ensure that they are interoperable with which device?
Answer(s): C
The lower 5 GHz UNII band and the 2.4 GHz ISM band are the same width - 100 MHz. 802.11a equipmentis new and significantly more expensive than 802.11b equipmentand is not compatible with 802.11b or 802.11g equipment in any capacity. The UNII bands (all three of them) allow for a larger useable portion than does the 2.4 GHz ISM band, yielding a maximum of 4 non-overlapping DSSS channels.Wi-Fi is the hardware compatibility standard created and maintained by WECA for 802.11b devices. IEEE 802.11g devices use the 2.4 GHz ISM band are backwards compatible with 802.11b. 802.11a devices use a different set of frequencies and a different modulation type from 802.11b, and are thus incompatible.A recent addition to the list of devices using direct sequence technology is the IEEE 802.11a standard, which specifies units that can operate at up to 54 Mbps. Unfortunately for 802.11 and 802.11b device users, 802.11a is wholly incompatible with 802.11b because it does not use the 2.4 GHz band, but instead uses the 5 GHz UNII bands. The 5 GHz UNII bands are made up of three separate 100 MHz-wide bands, which are used by 802.11a-compliant devices. The three bands are known as the lower, middle, and //The standards ETSI has established, HiPerLAN/2 for example, directly compete against standards created by the IEEE such as 802.11A. There has been much discussion about IEEE and ETSI unifying on certain wireless technologies, but nothing has materialized as of this writing. This effort is referred to as the "5UP" initiative for "5 GHz Unified Protocol." The IEEE's attempt at interoperability with ETSI's HiperLAN/2 standard is the new forthcoming 802.11h standard.ETSI's original HiPerLAN standard for wireless, dubbed HiperLAN/1, supported rates of up to 24 Mbps using DSSS technology with a range of approximately 150 feet. HiperLAN/1 used the lower and middle UNII bands, as do HiperLAN/2, 802.11a, and the new 802.11h standard. The new HiperLAN/2 standard supports rates of up to 54 Mbps and uses all three of the UNII bands.ETSI's HiperLAN/2 standard has interchangeable convergence layers, support for QoS, and supports DES and 3DES encryption. The supported convergence layers are ATM, Ethernet, PPP, FireWire, and 3G.HiperLAN/2 - An extension to the HiperLAN protocol developed by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) that provides a 54 Mbps data rate in the 5GHz band.
Before a client can participate in a Wireless LAN, which of the following must occur? Select two.
Answer(s): A,D
When the frame size on a wireless LAN is reduced, what is the corresponding result?
Answer(s): E
The answer given per CWNA Official Study Guide, 2nd Edition, Page 298 (Figure 8.1)would correspond to the correct answer being C. However, if you look at the CWNA Official Study Guide, 3rd Edition, Page 409. This states that fragmenting the frames can add more collisions.
Which of the following are types of highly directional antennas? Select two.
Answer(s): A,B
Which list should be included in an RF Site Survey Report for a long distance outdoor bridge link?
Answer(s): D
The following is a list of the most basic questions that must be answered before the actual physical work of the site survey begins. These questions are purposely open-ended because each one results in more information being passed from the client to the surveyor, thus making the surveyor better prepared to go on-site and do the site survey. Most, if not all, of these questions can be answered via phone, fax, or email, assuming the people with the answers to the questions are available. Again, the more prepared one is before arriving at the site (with a site survey toolkit), the more valuable the time on-site will be. Some of the topics you may want to question the network management about before performing your site survey:1. Facilities Analysis2. Existing NetworksFacility AnalysisAside from the obvious sizedifferences, you must take into account the number of users, security requirements, bandwidth requirements, budget, and what kind of impact jet engines have on 802.11 RF signals, if any, etc.The second facility type is a real estate office with approximately 25 agents. In this environment, security is important, but not mandated by law, so rudimentary security measures might suffice. Coverage will likely be adequate with only 1 or 2 centrallylocated access points, and bandwidth requirements would be nominal since most of the access is Internet-based or transferring small files back and forth to the file server. Outdoor wireless connections are vulnerable to security attacks, since the intruder would not have to be inside the building to get into the network. Once it is determined that the survey is for indoors, outdoors, or both, obtain any and all property survey documents and diagrams that are available. Indoors, these documents will show you the floor layout, firewalls, building structure information, wiring closets, and other valuable information. Outdoors, these documents will show how far the outdoor wireless LAN can safely extend without significant chance of intrusion.Outdoor SurveysFor outdoor surveys, record the following items on a copy or sketch of the property:1. Trees, buildings, lakes, or other obstructions between link sites2. If in winter, locate trees that will grow leaves during other seasons and may interfere with the RF link3. Visual and RF line of sight between transmitter and receiver4. Link distance (note: if greater than 7 miles, calculate compensation for Earth bulge)5. Weather hazards (wind, rain, snow, lightning) common to the area6. Tower accessibility, height, or need for a new tower7. Roof accessibility, height
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