QUESTION: 413

If the airspace around centrally located airports were restricted to commercial airliners and only those private planes equipped with radar, most of the private-plane traffic would be forced to use outlying airfields. Such a reduction in the amount of private-plane traffic would reduce the risk of midair collision around the centrally located airports.
The conclusion drawn in the first sentence depends on which of the following assumptions?

Outlying airfields would be as convenient as centrally located airports for most pilots of private planes.
Most outlying airfields are not equipped to handle commercial-airline traffic.
Most private planes that use centrally located airports are not equipped with radar.
Commercial airliners are at greater risk of becoming involved in midair collisions than are private planes.
A reduction in the risk of midair collision would eventually lead to increases in commercial-airline traffic.

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 414

If the airspace around centrally located airports were restricted to commercial airliners and only those private planes equipped with radar, most of the private-plane traffic would be forced to use outlying airfields. Such a reduction in the amount of private-plane traffic would reduce the risk of midair collision around the centrally located airports.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn in the second sentence?

Commercial airliners are already required by law to be equipped with extremely sophisticated radar systems.
Centrally located airports are experiencing over-crowded airspace primarily because of sharp increases in commercial-airline traffic.
Many pilots of private planes would rather buy radar equipment than be excluded from centrally located airports.
The number of midair collisions that occur near centrally located airports has decreased in recent years.
Private planes not equipped with radar systems cause a disproportionately large number of midair collisions around centrally located airports.

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 415

Which of the following best completes the passage below?
Established companies concentrate on defending what they already have. Consequently, they tend not to be innovative themselves and tend to underestimate the effects of the innovations of others. The clearest example of this defensive strategy is the fact that

ballpoint pens and soft-tip markers have eliminated the traditional market for fountain pens, clearing the way for the marketing of fountain pens as luxury or prestige items
a highly successful automobile was introduced by the same company that had earlier introduced a model that had been a dismal failure
a once-successful manufacturer of slide rules reacted to the introduction of electronic calculators by trying to make better slide rules
one of the first models of modern accounting machines, designed for use in the banking industry, was purchased by a public library as well as by banks
the inventor of a commonly used anesthetic did not intend the product to be used by dentists, who currently account for almost the entire market for that drug

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 416

Most archaeologists have held that people first reached the Americas less than 20,000 years ago by crossing a land bridge into North America. But recent discoveries of human shelters in South America dating from 32,000 years ago have led researchers to speculate that people arrived in South America first, after voyaging across the Pacific, and then spread northward.
Which of the following, if it were discovered, would be pertinent evidence against the speculation above?

A rock shelter near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, contains evidence of use by human beings 19,000 years ago.
Some North American sites of human habitation predate any sites found in South America.
The climate is warmer at the 32,000-year-old south American site than at the oldest known North American site.
The site in South America that was occupied 32,000 years ago was continuously occupied until 6,000 years ago.
The last Ice Age, between 11,500 and 20,000 years ago, considerably lowered worldwide sea levels.

Answer(s): B

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QUESTION: 413

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QUESTION: 416