QUESTION: 429

Seven countries signed a treaty binding each of them to perform specified actions on a certain fixed date, with the actions of each conditional on simultaneous action taken by the other countries. Each country was also to notify the six other countries when it had completed its action.
The simultaneous-action provision of the treaty leaves open the possibility that

the compliance date was subject to postponement, according to the terms of the treaty
one of the countries might not be required to make any changes or take any steps in order to comply with the treaty, whereas all the other countries are so required
each country might have a well-founded excuse, based on the provision, for its own lack of compliance
the treaty specified that the signal for one of the countries to initiate action was notification by the other countries that they had completed action
there was ambiguity with respect to the date after which all actions contemplated in the treaty are to be complete

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 430

A milepost on the towpath read “21” on the side facing the hiker as she approached it and “23” on its back. She reasoned that the next milepost forward on the path would indicate that she was halfway between one end of the path and the other. However, the milepost one mile further on read “20” facing her and “24” behind.
Which of the following, if true, would explain the discrepancy described above?

The numbers on the next milepost had been reversed.
The numbers on the mileposts indicate kilometers, not miles.
The facing numbers indicate miles to the end of the path, not miles from the beginning.
A milepost was missing between the two the hiker encountered.
The mileposts had originally been put in place for the use of mountain bikers, not for hikers.

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 431

Airline: Newly developed collision-avoidance systems, although not fully tested to discover potential malfunctions, must be installed immediately in passenger planes. Their mechanical warnings enable pilots to avoid crashes.
Pilots: Pilots will not fly in planes with collision-avoidance systems that are not fully tested. Malfunctioning systems could mislead pilots, causing crashes.
The pilots’ objection is most strengthened if which of the following is true?

It is always possible for mechanical devices to malfunction.
Jet engines, although not fully tested when first put into use, have achieved exemplary performance and safety records.
Although collision-avoidance systems will enable pilots to avoid some crashes, the likely malfunctions of the not-fully-tested systems will cause even more crashes.
Many airline collisions are caused in part by the exhaustion of overworked pilots.
Collision-avoidance systems, at this stage of development, appear to have worked better in passenger planes than in cargo planes during experimental flights made over a six-month period.

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 432

Guitar strings often go “dead” — become less responsive and bright in tone — after a few weeks of intense use. A researcher whose son is a classical guitarist hypothesized that dirt and oil, rather than changes in the material properties of the string, were responsible.
Which of the following investigations is most likely to yield significant information that would help to evaluate the researcher’s hypothesis?

Determining if a metal alloy is used to make the strings used by classical guitarists
Determining whether classical guitarists make their strings go dead faster than do folk guitarists
Determining whether identical lengths of string, of the same gauge, go dead at different rates when strung on various brands of guitars
Determining whether a dead string and a new string produce different qualities of sound
Determining whether smearing various substances on new guitar strings causes them to go dead

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 429

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QUESTION: 432