QUESTION: 421

Some people have questioned the judge’s objectivity in cases of sex discrimination against women. But the record shows that in sixty percent of such cases, the judge has decided in favor of the women. This record demonstrates that the judge has not discriminated against women in cases of sex discrimination against women.
The argument above is flawed in that it ignores the possibility that

a large number of the judge’s cases arose out of allegations of sex discrimination against women
many judges find it difficult to be objective in cases of sex discrimination against women
the judge is biased against women defendants or plaintiffs in cases that do not involve sex discrimination
the majority of the cases of sex discrimination against women that have reached the judge’s court have been appealed from a lower court
the evidence shows that the women should have won in more than sixty percent of the judge’s cases involving sex discrimination against women

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 422

The tobacco industry is still profitable and projections are that it will remain so. In the United States this year, the total amount of tobacco sold by tobacco-farmers has increased, even though the number of adults who smoke has decreased.
Each of the following, if true, could explain the simultaneous increase in tobacco sales and decrease in the number of adults who smoke EXCEPT:

During this year, the number of women who have begun to smoke is greater than the number of men who have quit smoking.
The number of teen-age children who have begun to smoke this year is greater than the number of adults who have quit smoking during the same period.
During this year, the number of nonsmokers who have begun to use chewing tobacco or snuff is greater than the number of people who have quit smoking.
The people who have continued to smoke consume more tobacco per person than they did in the past.
More of the cigarettes made in the United States this year were exported to other countries than was the case last year.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 423

Kale has more nutritional value than spinach. But since collard greens have more nutritional value than lettuce, it follows that kale has more nutritional value than lettuce.
Any of the following, if introduced into the argument as an additional premise, makes the argument above logically correct EXCEPT:

Collard greens have more nutritional value than kale.
Spinach has more nutritional value than lettuce.
Spinach has more nutritional value than collard greens.
Spinach and collard greens have the same nutritional value.
Kale and collard greens have the same nutritional value.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 424

On the basis of a decrease in the college-age population, many colleges now anticipate increasingly smaller freshman classes each year. Surprised by a 40 percent increase in qualified applicants over the previous year, however, administrators at Nice College now plan to hire more faculty for courses taken by all freshmen.
Which of the following statements about Nice College’s current qualified applicants, if true, would strongly suggest that the administrators’ plan is flawed?

A substantially higher percentage than usual plan to study for advanced degrees after graduation from college.
According to their applications, their level of participation in extracurricular activities and varsity sports is unusually high.
According to their applications, none of them lives in a foreign country.
A substantially lower percentage than usual rate Nice College as their first choice among the colleges to which they are applying.
A substantially lower percentage than usual list mathematics as their intended major.

Answer(s): D

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QUESTION: 421

QUESTION: 422

QUESTION: 423

QUESTION: 424