QUESTION: 289

The Asian American History Association receives approximately 1,000 proposals each year from individuals who wish to present papers at its annual meeting. The association’s officers would like to ensure constant standards of quality in the presentations from year to year. The officers have therefore decided to accept for presentation each year only the best 300 papers selected on the basis of the quality of the proposals submitted. Of the following, the best criticism of the officers’ plan is that the plan assumes that

Professional associations cannot accept all papers submitted for presentation at their annual meetings.
The total number of proposals submitted to the association will remain at approximately 1,000 in future years.
Each proposal submitted to the association deserves to be considered a serious candidate for presentation.
It is difficult to judge the quality of a paper on the basis of the proposal alone.
The best 300 papers submitted to the association for presentation will be of the same quality from year to year.

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 290

Two groups of laboratory mice were injected with cancerous cells. One group’s cages were rotated in a disorienting manner. Two-thirds of these mice developed cancers. One-tenth of the mice in stationary cages developed cancers. The researchers concluded that stress enhances the development of cancer in laboratory mice.
The researchers’ conclusion logically depends on which of the following assumptions?

Rotating the cages in disorienting manner produced stress in the mice in those cages.
The injections given to the two groups of mice were not of equal strength.
Injecting the mice with cancerous cells caused stress in the mice.
Even without the injections the mice in the rotated cages would have developed cancers.
Even the rotation of cages in a manner that is not disorienting is likely to produce stress in mice in those cages.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 291

In 1846 about 80 percent of the towns in New York State banned the sale of alcoholic beverages. A recent article about the bans concludes that mid-nineteenth-century supporters of the temperance movement were not residents of remote rural areas, as has often been asserted; rather, they were concentrated in centers of economic opportunity.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion reached in the article?

After 1846 the temperance movement grew rapidly and it flourished until the turn of the century.
Support for the ban on alcohol was strongest in New York towns where the economy was based on new, growing industries.
Many young New York State farmers supported the ban on alcohol.
The most adamant opponents of the ban included several affluent factory and mill owners.
In New York City, which was a commercial center in 1846, the sale of alcoholic beverages was not banned.

Answer(s): B

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QUESTION: 292

In 1984 Exco, which sells its products only through mail-order catalogs, began distributing its catalog to people who had never purchased Exco’s products, while it continued to distribute the catalog to previous customers. Total dollar sales increased in 1984, but Exco’s profits that year were smaller than in 1983.
Which of the following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of Exco’s smaller profits in 1984, as compared to 1983?

There was a two percent increase in 1984 in the sales tax that consumers had to pay on all purchases from the catalog.
A greater number of catalogs were sent to previous customers than to people who never purchased products from Exco.
In 1984 Exco’s product-manufacturing costs increased by a smaller amount than the products’ selling prices increased.
Customers who never previously purchased products from Exco purchased, on the average, fewer products in 1984 than did previous customers.
The increase between 1983 and 1984 in the cost of mailing the catalogs was greater than the increase in sales from 1983 to 1984.

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 292