QUESTION: 377

To prevent some conflicts of interest, Congress could prohibit high-level government officials from accepting positions as lobbyists for three years after such officials leave government service. One such official concluded, however, that such a prohibition would be unfortunate because it would prevent high-level government officials from earning a livelihood for three years.
The official’s conclusion logically depends on which of the following assumptions?

Laws should not restrict the behavior of former government officials.
Lobbyists are typically people who have previously been high-level government officials.
Low-level government officials do not often become lobbyists when they leave government service.
High-level government officials who leave government service are capable of earning a livelihood only as lobbyists.
High-level government officials who leave government service are currently permitted to act as lobbyists for only three years.

Answer(s): D

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QUESTION: 378

A conservation group in the United States is trying to change the long-standing image of bats as frightening creatures. The group contends that bats are feared and persecuted solely because they are shy animals that are active only at night.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the group’s contention?

Bats are steadily losing natural roosting places such as caves and hollow trees and are thus turning to more developed areas for roosting.
Bats are the chief consumers of nocturnal insects and thus can help make their hunting territory more pleasant for humans.
Bats are regarded as frightening creatures not only in the United States but also in Europe, Africa, and South America.
Raccoons and owls are shy and active only at night; yet they are not generally feared and persecuted.
People know more about the behavior of other greatly feared animal species, such as lions, alligators, and snakes, than they do about the behavior of bats.

Answer(s): D

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QUESTION: 379

Meteorite explosions in the Earth’s atmosphere as large as the one that destroyed forests in Siberia, with approximately the force of a twelve-megaton nuclear blast, occur about once a century.
The response of highly automated systems controlled by complex computer programs to unexpected circumstances is unpredictable.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn, if the statements above are true, about a highly automated nuclear-missile defense system controlled by a complex computer program?

Within a century after its construction, the system would react inappropriately and might accidentally start a nuclear war.
The system would be destroyed if an explosion of a large meteorite occurred in the Earth’s atmosphere.
It would be impossible for the system to distinguish the explosion of a large meteorite from the explosion of a nuclear weapon.
Whether the system would respond inappropriately to the explosion of a large meteorite would depend on the location of the blast.
It is not certain what the system’s response to the explosion of a large meteorite would be, if its designers did not plan for such a contingency.

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 380

The fewer restrictions there are on the advertising of legal services, the more lawyers there are who advertise their services, and the lawyers who advertise a specific service usually charge less for that service than lawyers who do not advertise. Therefore, if the state removes any of its current restrictions, such as the one against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer legal costs will be lower than if the state retains its current restrictions.
If the statements above are true, which of the following must be true?

Some lawyers who now advertise will charge more for specific services if they do not have to specify fee arrangements in the advertisements.
More consumers will use legal services if there are fewer restrictions on the advertising of legal services.
If the restriction against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements is removed, more lawyers will advertise their services.
If more lawyers advertise lower prices for specific services, some lawyers who do not advertise will also charge less than they currently charge for those services.
If the only restrictions on the advertising of legal services were those that apply to every type of advertising, most lawyers would advertise their services.

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 377

QUESTION: 378

QUESTION: 379

QUESTION: 380