DRAG DROP (Drag and Drop is not supported)On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, OSPFv3 parameters use default values. The LSDB is checked on one of the devices. The router IDs of R1, R3, and R4 are 10.0.1.1, 10.0.3.3, and 10.0.4.4, respectively. The Origin Router part of some LSAs is hidden. Complete this part. (Tokens can be reused.)Select and Place:
Answer(s): A
10.0.1.1 → 1 10.0.3.3 → 2 and 3 10.0.4.4 → 4LSA 1: The Link-LSA is generated by R1 (Router ID: 10.0.1.1). Therefore, the Origin Router of this LSA is 10.0.1.1. LSA 2: The Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA originated by R3 (Router ID: 10.0.3.3), as R3 is part of the network, and this LSA refers to Area 0. Hence, the Origin Router of this LSA is 10.0.3.3. LSA 3: The Network-LSA generated by R3 (Router ID: 10.0.3.3) as part of Area 0. LSA 4: The Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA originated by R4 (Router ID: 10.0.4.4), since R4 is in Area 1 and connects to Area 0.
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, area 1 is a stub area. Which of the following statements are true? (Choose all that apply.)
Answer(s): A,D
Default routes exist in the routing tables of R1 and R2. In a stub area, a default route is injected by the Area Border Router (ABR) to reduce the number of LSAs. Since Area 1 is a stub area, R2 will inject a default route into the routing tables of both R1 and R2.Both R1 and R2 generate Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs. Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs (Type 9 LSAs) are generated by each router within an OSPFv3 area to advertise the IPv6 prefixes for its interfaces. Both R1 and R2 will generate Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs for their respective interfaces.
After basic QinQ is configured on an interface of a switch, the switch adds the default VLAN tag of the interface to packets only when the interface receives tagged packets. In this way, the VLAN space is expanded.
Answer(s): B
In basic QinQ (802.1Q-in-802.1Q), the switch adds an outer VLAN tag (typically the default VLAN tag or a manually configured one) to untagged packets when they enter the interface. The goal of QinQ is to expand the VLAN space by adding an additional VLAN tag to packets, which allows for double tagging (one tag from the customer and one tag from the service provider).When the switch receives tagged packets, it does not add another VLAN tag; instead, it retains the original VLAN tag and adds an outer tag for QinQ.
DRAG DROP (Drag and Drop is not supported)Both VLAN aggregation and MUX VLAN are deployed on the enterprise network shown in the figure, and all switch interfaces connected to terminals are access interfaces. Given this, match PC1 to PC4 with the hosts or servers that they can access on the network. (Note: A host cannot be matched with itself. For example, PC1 cannot match PC1.) (Tokens can be reused.)Select and Place:
PC1 ↔ PC2 PC2 ↔ PC1 PC3 ↔ Server PC4 ↔ ServerPC1 can communicate with: PC2 (as both are in Sub-VLAN 10). PC2 can communicate with: PC1 (as both are in Sub-VLAN 10). PC3 can communicate with: Server (since PC3 is in the Separate VLAN and can only communicate with the Principal VLAN). PC4 can communicate with: Server (since PC4 is also in the Separate VLAN and can only communicate with the Principal VLAN).
An interface of a switch is in error-down state. A possible cause is that the average rate of broadcast packets received by the interface exceeds the upper threshold set by the administrator for storm control.
When the broadcast traffic received on a switch interface exceeds the storm control threshold configured by the administrator, the interface can be placed into an error-down state. This behavior is designed to protect the network from broadcast storms that could degrade performance. Storm control helps to monitor and limit the rate of broadcast, multicast, and unknown unicast traffic, and exceeding the configured threshold may trigger the switch to disable the interface temporarily (placing it in an error-down state).
There are multiple types of MAC address entries on a switch. Which of the following entries are manually configured and cannot be aged out? (Choose all that apply.)
Answer(s): B,D
Static MAC address entries: Static MAC address entries are manually configured and permanently stored in the MAC address table. These entries do not age out and remain in the table until they are manually removed. Blackhole MAC address entries: Blackhole MAC address entries are also manually configured and are used to discard traffic for specific MAC addresses. These entries do not age out either and remain in the MAC address table until manually removed.
After port isolation is configured on a switch, hosts in the same VLAN cannot communicate with each other at Layer 2 or Layer 3 by default.
Port isolation is a feature on switches that prevents direct communication between devices connected to isolated ports, even if they are in the same VLAN. This applies to both Layer 2 (switching) and Layer 3 (routing) by default. The purpose of port isolation is to increase security by restricting communication between certain ports, regardless of their VLAN configuration. Thus, after port isolation is configured, hosts in the same VLAN will not be able to communicate with each other at Layer 2 or Layer 3 unless additional configurations are made to allow certain traffic.
IPSG is a source IP address filtering technology based on Layer 3 interfaces. It prevents malicious hosts from forging authorized hosts' IP addresses to access authorized network resources.
IP Source Guard (IPSG) is a security feature that works by filtering traffic based on the source IP address at Layer 3. It prevents unauthorized devices from sending traffic with forged IP addresses by only allowing packets with source IP addresses that have been learned dynamically through mechanisms like DHCP snooping or are statically configured. This helps prevent attacks where malicious hosts try to impersonate legitimate hosts by spoofing their IP addresses.
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