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Designing Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions Questions 81–85 (page: 18)

Updated On: 10-Feb-2026

HOTSPOT (Drag and Drop is not supported)

You have a production line that is monitored by using IoT devices.

You are building a project that will process data streams from the IoT devices.

You need to recommend a pipeline solution that will perform the following activities:

Ingest the data streams from the IoT devices.
Analyze the data and identify manufacturing defects among items on the production line.
When a manufacturing defect is identified, flag the item for removal from the production line.

What should you include in the recommendation for each activity? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.

Note: Each correct selection is worth one point.

Hot Area:

  1. See Explanation section for answer.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:



Box 1: Azure Event Hub
Ingest the data streams from the IoT devices.

In a real-world scenario, you could have hundreds of these sensors generating events as a stream. Ideally, a gateway device would run code to push these events to Azure Event Hubs or Azure IoT Hubs. Your Stream Analytics job would ingest these events from Event Hubs or IoT Hubs and run real-time analytics queries against the streams.

Box 2: Azure Stream Analytics
Analyze the data and identify manufacturing defects among items on the production line.

Box 3: Azure IoT Central
When a manufacturing defect is identified, flag the item for removal from the production line.

IoT Central is an IoT application platform as a service (aPaaS) that reduces the burden and cost of developing, managing, and maintaining IoT solutions.

The web UI lets you quickly connect devices, monitor device conditions, create rules, and manage devices and their data throughout their life cycle. Furthermore, it enables you to act on device insights by extending IoT intelligence into line-of-business applications. After you’ve used IoT Central to evaluate your IoT scenario, you can then build your enterprise-ready Azure IoT solution.


Reference:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/stream-analytics/stream-analytics-get-started-with-azure-stream- analytics-to-process-data-from-iot-devices https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-central/core/overview-iot-central



You have an Azure subscription that contains a third-party app service app named App1. App1 uses Microsoft Entra for authentication and is licensed on a per-user basis.

The owners of App1 report that the licensing costs for App1 are higher than expected.

You need to recommend a solution that will enable the App1 owners to monitor which users have access to App1 each month. The solution must meet the following requirements:

Follow the principle of least privilege.
Minimize administrative effort.

What should you include in the recommendation?

  1. Conditional Access policies
  2. Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
  3. access reviews
  4. managed identities

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Access reviews in Microsoft Entra ID, part of Microsoft Entra, enable organizations to efficiently manage group memberships, access to enterprise applications, and role assignments. User access can be reviewed regularly to make sure only the right people have continued access.


Reference:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/access-reviews-overview



DRAG DROP (Drag and Drop is not supported)

You have 15 on-premises Hyper-V virtual machines.

You have an Azure subscription that contains an Azure Migrate project named Project1.

You need to assess the virtual machines for migration to Azure by using Project1.

Which four actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the list of actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.

Select and Place:

  1. See Explanation section for answer.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:



Step 1: Download the VHD of the Azure Migrate appliance
Azure Migrate, Assessment overview (migrate to Azure VMs)

Set up the appliance
Azure Migrate uses a lightweight Azure Migrate appliance. The appliance performs server discovery and sends server configuration and performance metadata to Azure Migrate. The appliance can be set up by deploying a VHD file that can be downloaded from the project.

Step 2: Create an appliance virtual machine.
Create an appliance
Import the downloaded file, and create an appliance.

Step 3: Configure the virtual machine for the appliance
Configure the appliance
Set up the appliance for the first time.

1. In Hyper-V Manager > Virtual Machines, right-click the appliance > Connect.

2. Provide the language, time zone, and password for the appliance.

3. Open a browser on any machine that can connect to the appliance, and open the URL of the appliance web app: https://appliance name or IP address: 44368.

Alternately, you can open the app from the appliance desktop by selecting the app shortcut.

4. Accept the license terms, and read the third-party information.

Set up prerequisites and register the appliance
In the configuration manager, select Set up prerequisites, and then complete these

1. Connectivity: The appliance checks that the server has internet access.

2. Time sync: Check that the time on the appliance is in sync with internet time for discovery to work properly.

Step 4: Register the virtual machine for the appliance
3. Install updates and register appliance: To run auto-update and register the appliance, follow these steps:



To register the appliance, you need to select Login. In Continue with Azure Login, select Copy code & Login to copy the device code (you must have a device code to authenticate with Azure) and open an Azure Login prompt in a new browser tab. Make sure you’ve disabled the pop-up blocker in the browser to see the prompt.

After the appliance is successfully registered, to see the registration details, select View details.


Reference:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/migrate/tutorial-discover-hyper-v



You have an Azure subscription that contains an Azure key vault named KV1.

You need to ensure that you can review how and when KV1 is accessed. The solution must minimize costs.

What should you use?

  1. Microsoft Purview
  2. the activity log of KV1
  3. Azure Monitor
  4. Microsoft Sentinel

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Azure Key Vault logging
After you create one or more key vaults, you’ll likely want to monitor how and when your key vaults are accessed, and by whom. Enabling logging for Azure Key Vault saves this information in an Azure storage account that you provide.
Azure Key Vault activity can be monitored by checking the Key Vault activity log. By enabling logging, you can track access to your secrets and other Key Vault resources, including who accessed them, when they accessed them, and the specific actions performed.


Reference:



HOTSPOT (Drag and Drop is not supported)

You plan to develop two apps that will be hosted in Azure. The apps must meet the monitoring requirements shown in the following table.



What should you include in the recommendation for each app? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.

Note: Each correct selection is worth one point.

Hot Area:

  1. See Explanation section for answer.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:



Box 1: Log Analytics
App1
Measure user experience

Analyze user behavior

Log Analytics can be used to monitor an Azure app to measure user experience and analyze user behavior. By leveraging Azure Monitor Logs and Log Analytics, you can collect and analyze data related to user interactions, performance, and overall app health, providing insights into user behavior and experience.

User Behavior Analysis:
Log Analytics can be used to analyze user interactions, such as page views, button clicks, and form submissions, to understand how users are interacting with your application.

Example: You can use Log Analytics to analyze the number of failed requests to your Azure app, identify the specific error codes associated with these failures, and correlate them with user behavior to determine the impact on user experience.

Box 2: Azure Monitor Application Insights
App2
Collect usage information about request rates
Collect usage information about failure rates
Collect and analyze telemetry

Azure Application Insights, part of Azure Monitor, is used to collect and analyze telemetry data from applications, including request rates, failure rates, and other performance metrics. This data helps you monitor application health, identify performance issues, and troubleshoot errors.

D.Enabling Application Insights:
Autoinstrumentation:
If your application is supported, you can enable telemetry collection with minimal configuration through autoinstrumentation.
Manual Instrumentation:
You can manually instrument your application by using the Application Insights SDK or OpenTelemetry API.
This allows for more control over the data collected.

2. Tracking Metrics:
Standard Metrics:
Application Insights automatically tracks predefined metrics, including request rates, response times, error rates, and page load times.

Log-based Metrics:
You can create log-based metrics by querying log data, which retains all properties of each log entry, allowing for more flexible analysis.

Custom Metrics:
You can define and track custom

3. Analyzing Telemetry Data:
Failure Rate Analysis:
Application Insights provides tools to analyze failure rate trends, identify top response codes and exception types, and diagnose errors in your application.


Reference:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/app/usage https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/app/app-insights-overview



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