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Test Prep CFA-Level-I Exam Questions
CFA® Level I Chartered Financial Analyst (Page 36 )

Updated On: 28-Feb-2026
Page 36 of 793
PDF with 3963 Questions

What is the effective date for compliance with the AIMR-Performance Presentation Standards for including accrued income in market value performance calculations?

  1. January 1, 1997
  2. January 1, 1993
  3. July 1, 1995
  4. January 1, 1992

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

From January 1, 1997, going forward, all of the firm's composites and performance presentations must include accrued income in market value performance calculations. In addition, all of the firm's performance presentations, including presentations of historical performance, must contain a measure of composite dispersion.



Wolfram Hitchwalker is a money manager with Armadillo Investments. He currently manages a few retirement accounts, clients who have a steady current income need and are averse to capital loss. Wolfram recently read a research report which concluded that the stock of HighFly, Inc. was a great buy because of a pending expansion plan into Southeast Asia which would double the profits of HighFly from foreign operations. Wolfram decided that the analysis was sound and that his clients could gain significantly if he bought the HighFly stock now and sold it once the price run-up occurred. Accordingly, he sold some of the fixed income securities in his client accounts and bought shares of HighFly. After two weeks, he sold the shares at a substantial profit and reinvested the funds back in fixed income securities. Wolfram has

  1. not violated any code of ethics since the investment was wise and made his clients better off.
    II. has violated Standard IV (1) - Reasonable Basis & Representations.
    III. has violated Standard IV (B.1) - Fiduciary Duties.
    IV. has violated Standard IV (B.2) - Portfolio Investment Recommendations and Actions.
  2. II and IV only
  3. III and IV only
  4. I only
  5. II only
  6. IV only
  7. III only

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Even though the transaction turned out to be profitable for the clients ex post, the decision to invest in the stock was unwise ex ante. Wolfram should have recognized that his clients do not have the risk appetite for speculative securities, given their need for current income and preservation of the principal. Clearly, speculation in stocks is not an appropriate investment for these clients.



According to Standard V (B), firms can claim compliance with the PPS only if their presentation is ________ in compliance with the Performance Presentation Standards in all material respects.

  1. none of these answers
  2. retroactively
  3. fully
  4. at least 50 percent
  5. partially

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

If members or firms want to claim compliance with PPS, their presentation must be fully in compliance with the PPS in all material respects. To claim compliance with the PPS without meeting the mandatory requirements of the PPS is a violation of Standard V (B).



________ provide a relative measure for the riskiness of a strategy.

  1. Volatility measures
  2. Benchmarks
  3. Indexes
  4. Investor universes
  5. Disclosures

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Benchmarks, including market indexes, manager universes and normal portfolios, provide a relative measure for the riskiness of a strategy.



Shortin Mart is a quantitative research analyst with Dataminers, an investment advisory firm which prides itself on finding patterns in past market data. Shortin recently used data on high-yield, distressed firm corporate convertible bonds and discovered that over the last 3 years, this class has generated an astounding 76% rate of return (assuming optimal conversion). Realizing that this result is mainly due to a strong bull market, he recommends to his portfolio managers that if they believe the market will be bullish over the next year, they should add extreme junk bonds to their portfolios. Shortin has

  1. not violated any code of ethics.
    II. has violated Standard IV (1) - Reasonable Basis & Representations.
    III. has violated Standard IV (2) - Research Reports.
    IV. has violated Standard IV (B.2) - Portfolio Investment Recommendations and Actions.
  2. III and IV only
  3. II and III only
  4. I only
  5. II only

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

In the present case, Shortin was negligent in that he did not carry out through analysis of his result. For one, he should have used a much longer period to determine a pattern. Second, he should have been careful in laying out all the caveats to his result and even questioned the validity of the result. By not following such a course, he violated Standard IV (A.1) - Reasonable Basis & Representations. Note that he has not violated Standard IV (A.2) - Research Reports.



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