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Free CLEP Science and Mathematics Exam Braindumps (page: 22)

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PDF with 494 Questions

Three students added equal volumes of pond water to each of four beakers (1-4) and placed each beaker in a different constant temperature bath: 5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C respectively. The students then added 6 water fleas, Daphnia pulex, to each of the four beakers and recorded the initial time. After one hour, students removed 3 Daphnia from each beaker and looked at them under a light microscope (their transparent bodies can be easily seen under a light microscope). Their heart rates were recorded below (beats per minute).



The independent variable in this experiment is the

  1. amount of light
  2. number of water fleas
  3. pH of the water
  4. temperature of the water
  5. average heart rate (pulse)

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The independent variable of an experiment is the one that is changed by the scientist. The dependent variable is the one the scientist measures. Here, the scientist is changing the temperature and measuring the pulse.



Three students added equal volumes of pond water to each of four beakers (1-4) and placed each beaker in a different constant temperature bath: 5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C respectively. The students then added 6 water fleas, Daphnia pulex, to each of the four beakers and recorded the initial time. After one hour, students removed 3 Daphnia from each beaker and looked at them under a light microscope (their transparent bodies can be easily seen under a light microscope). Their heart rates were recorded below (beats per minute).



If a graph were constructed using the data given in the table, it would most closely resemble which of the following graphs?


  1. Option A
  2. Option B
  3. Option C
  4. Option D
  5. Option E

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Choice B is the only graph that shows the relationship between the independent variable (temperature), plotted on the x-axis (as it should be), and the dependent variable (pulse), plotted on the v-axis (as it should be). The beaker # is not related to cither variable -the beakers could just as easily been labeled in a different order (the important thing is the relationship between pulse and temperature that is being studied).



Three students added equal volumes of pond water to each of four beakers (1-4) and placed each beaker in a different constant temperature bath: 5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C respectively. The students then added 6 water fleas, Daphnia pulex, to each of the four beakers and recorded the initial time. After one hour, students removed 3 Daphnia from each beaker and looked at them under a light microscope (their transparent bodies can be easily seen under a light microscope). Their heart rates were recorded below (beats per minute).


The data in this experiment give support to which of the following conclusions?

  1. At 45°C, the heart rate of the Daphnia would be around 320 beats per minute
  2. Daphnia swim more slowly at high temperatures
  3. Metabolic rate in Daphnia is directly proportional to water temperature
  4. Heart rate in Daphnia is inversely proportional to water temperature
  5. Between 0°C and 5°C, the heart rate of Daphnia remains constant

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

There is simply no information presented concerning metabolic rate, heart rate between zero and 5 degrees, or swimming speed. Heart rate goes up as temperature goes up ­ therefore, choice D is also incorrect. The best answer is the extrapolation that heart rate at 45 degrees would be approximately 320 bpm.



In an aquatic environment, oxygen concentration depends on chemical and physical factors and is greatly affected by many biological processes. These is much less dissolved oxygen (DO) in aquatic environments than in dry air. In most aquatic environments, there are only 5 to 10 mL of dissolved oxygen in a liter of water. Chemical and physical factors, such as salinity, pH, and especially temperature, can affect the DO concentration and distribution. An experiment was done to study the effect of different salinity levels on DO in water of varying temperatures. The results are below. Salinity is expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) and is the content of dissolved salt in water.


According to the data shown, a reasonable conclusion to form from the results of this experiment is that:

  1. higher temperatures result in greater dissolved oxygen in water
  2. the greater the salinity, the lower the dissolved oxygen
  3. salinity is not related to dissolved oxygen levels
  4. the temperature of the water is more important than the salinity in determining dissolved oxygen levels
  5. as salinity increases, dissolved oxygen levels increase

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The graph indicates that, as salinity goes up from 0 pptto30ppt, levels of dissolved oxygen decrease. No other answer choice is backed up by the data.






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