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Free HESI A2 Exam Braindumps (page: 32)

Page 31 of 156
PDF with 620 Questions



Which of the following describes the purpose of the passage?

  1. to describe the causes of cystic fibrosis
  2. to explain how cystic fibrosis is passed down through families
  3. to overview the causes of CF and how it is carried
  4. to review why some Americans have CF, but others do not

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The first paragraph explains what CF is, and the second paragraph goes into detail about how it is carried. The correct answer choice here must describe the function of the ENTIRE passage. The other choices are specific to only one sentence or one paragraph.





In context, the word “defective” in the first sentence of the passage means which of the following?

  1. unusual
  2. remarkable
  3. postponed
  4. faulty

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

If the “defective” gene is the way that a disease is being passed, it is probably negative in some way. The only word here with a negative connotation is “faulty.” Defective describes a thing as not operating correctly, whereas unusual indicates something that is rare.





Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

  1. Most children with CF are diagnosed by age 2.
  2. About 1 in 39 Caucasian Americans have the CF gene.
  3. Millions of Americans carry a CF gene, but do not have symptoms.
  4. Mucus is a thick, sticky fluid that cystic fibrosis sufferers produce internally.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

According to the passage, “About 1 in 29 Caucasian Americans have the CF gene.” “39” is the incorrect number. Always go back to the passage to verify details. Do not rely on memory alone.



Reading Material

A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram.

The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison’s disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased.

The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values.

The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency.

According to the accompanying text, what are the names of the three basic blood cells?

  1. leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes
  2. red blood cells, erythrocytes, and platelets
  3. white blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets
  4. erythrograms, leukograms, and thrombograms

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The three basic blood cells are white blood cells (also called leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (also called erythrocytes).






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