Mr. Miko is very good at the sport of Judo. Therefore, Mr. Miko is a good sport. The author of the argument above relies upon which one of the following to arrive at a conclusion?
Answer(s): E
The author of this argument does not see the difference between "good at a sport" and "good sport"
The rural community of Pottsville has a low crime rate. Urban Los Angeles has a high crime rate. Shady Junction, a small agricultural community, has a high rate of criminal activity. The city of Washington, D.C. has a low rate of criminal activity.Which one of the following most clearly expresses the main point in the passage above?
Answer(s): D
The passage points out that crime rates can be high or low in rural or urban communities.
If Jack were a first baseman for the New York Mets, he would be rich. He is not a first baseman, since he is not rich. The conclusion above is unsound because the author does not consider the possibility that Jack could be
Answer(s): B
The logical conclusion from the statements is that, since Jack is not rich, he is not a first baseman for the New York Mets, not that he is not a first baseman. He could be a first baseman for some other team and be rich.
All Italian greyhounds are graceful and fast, but some are nervous. Graceful and fast greyhounds are slender, but nervous greyhounds are unpredictable. If the statements are true, all of the following must be true EXCEPT
All Italian greyhounds are graceful and fast and graceful and fast greyhounds are slender, so all Italian greyhounds are slender. If some graceful and fast Italian greyhounds are nervous, then some greyhounds are nervous.
Read the following passage and answer the question below:Politician: The funding for the new nationwide health-awareness campaign should come from an increase in taxes on cigarettes. It is well established that cigarette smoking causes many serious health problems, and it is only reasonable that people whose unhealthful habits cause so many health problems should bear the costs of that campaign.Smoker: But it is equally well established that regularly eating high-fat, high-cholesterol foods causes as many serious health problems as does smoking, yet it would be manifestly unreasonable to force those who purchase such foods to bear the burden of financing this campaign.Which one of the following is the point at issue between the politician and the smoker?
Answer(s): A
The stem indicates a standard Point at Issue question, so expect the combatants to lock horns. The politician favors an increased tax on cigarettes to fund a new health-awareness campaign. Smokers are responsible for so many health problems, she argues--let them pay for the program. Notice that it's not a non-smoking campaign, however, but rather a general effort to make people more health conscious overall. And that seems to be what the smoker notices. He points out that others, by virtue of their habits, are also responsible for health problems, an example being consumers of high-fat, high-cholesterol foods. It would be unfair, he argues, to make that group pay for the campaign. Now, he doesn't come right out and say it, but hopefully you realized that by means of his example he's contesting the notion that smokers should pay for the campaign. He implies by way of analogy that forcing any one group with unhealthy habits to fund the campaign is unreasonable. The contested issue, therefore, is the basic one stated in the option [whether the politician's proposal for...]: The politician believes her proposal is a reasonable one, and the smoker simply does not.
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