Each of seven television programs -- H, J, L, P, Q, S, V -- is assigned a different rank: from first through seventh (from most popular to least popular). The ranking is consistent with the following conditions:J and L are each less popular than H.J is more popular than Q.S and V are each less popular than L.P and S are each less popular than Q.S is not seventh.Which one of the following programs CANNOT be ranked third?
Answer(s): E
Our approach to this question has to be as flexible as the Master Sketch. An entity "CANNOT be ranked third" either if it must be among the top two, or if it has three or more entities ranked above it. H would qualify in the former instance, but H isn't among the choices. But P is, and it's an example of the latter instance. Whatever else is going on, P is definitely ranked below H, J, and Q and hence can rank no higher than fourth. Each of the wrong choices mentions an entity that can indeed rank third. Here are four possibilities for the top three: H--J-- L; H--L--J; H--J--Q, as also seen in the right answer to question; 1 ; and H--L--V.
Each of seven television programs -- H, J, L, P, Q, S, V -- is assigned a different rank: from first through seventh (from most popular to least popular). The ranking is consistent with the following conditions:J and L are each less popular than H.J is more popular than Q.S and V are each less popular than L.P and S are each less popular than Q.S is not seventh.If V is more popular than Q and J is less popular than L, then which one of the following could be true of the ranking?
Answer(s): D
Just as in question; 2, we can redraw the sketch and incorporate the new if's. This time, it's easiest if we start with the second if and save the V information till later. Given that J falls below L on this question's ranking, the order must be H--L--J--Q, followed by S and P. As for V, we already know that V is ranked below L. Now we're told that V is ranked above Q, meaning that V must fall either just above J or just below it. In other words, the top five are either H--L--V--J--Q or H--L--J--V--Q. Correct choice is present in the latter arrangement. As expected, the four wrong choices are impossible. If Option [P is more popular than S.] were true then S would be ranked seventh, which it cannot be (Rule 5). In fact, S and P must be ranked sixth and seventh respectively, which makes options [S is more popular than V.] and [P is more popular than L.] false statements. Option [Q is more popular than V.] finally, flatly contradicts the question's first if clause.
Each of seven television programs -- H, J, L, P, Q, S, V -- is assigned a different rank: from first through seventh (from most popular to least popular). The ranking is consistent with the following conditions:J and L are each less popular than H.J is more popular than Q.S and V are each less popular than L.P and S are each less popular than Q.S is not seventh.If Q is more popular than L, then each of the following must be true of the ranking EXCEPT:
Answer(s): B
Following the new if, we must insert L below the original "H--J--Q" at the top of the sequence.We then must add S and V (in either order) below L, and must insert P with care, since we know only that P is ranked below Q. Clearly H is first and Q is third, J is second, so option [J is not third.] is true. And since V falls below at least four other entities (H, J, Q, and L), therefore option [V is not fourth] is true.
Bird-watchers explore a forest to see which of the following six kinds of birds -- grosbeak, harrier, jay, martin, shrike, wren -- it contains. The findings are consistent with the following conditions:If harriers are in the forest, then grosbeaks are not.If jays, martins, or both are in the forest, then so are harriers If wrens are in the forest, then so are grosbeaksIf jays are not in the forest, then shrikes areWhich one of the following could be a complete and accurate list of the birds NOT in the forest?
Partial Acceptability questions -- those in which the choices give you only part of the story -- are rendered easier if you lay out, carefully and without rushing, the rest of the story. Here, it means that your test booklet might look like so:Not In Therefore In:
Bird-watchers explore a forest to see which of the following six kinds of birds -- grosbeak, harrier, jay, martin, shrike, wren -- it contains. The findings are consistent with the following conditions:If harriers are in the forest, then grosbeaks are not.If jays, martins, or both are in the forest, then so are harriers If wrens are in the forest, then so are grosbeaksIf jays are not in the forest, then shrikes areIf both martins and harriers are in the forest, then which one of the following must be true?
On a roster of six letters, we circle H and M and skim the rules. Rule 1 demands that we now cross out G, and doing so (Rule 3's contra positive) requires that we cross out W as well. What of the remaining entities, J and S? We've already seen that we may choose one of them, or both, but not neither. Hence E. is true: Beyond H and M, at most J and S are seen in the forest. Options [Shrikes are the only...] and [Jays are the only other...] are both possible but not necessarily so; option [The forest contains neither...] is false, because if the option were true Rule 4 would be violated; and option [There are at least two...] is false, because the forest could contain H and M only.
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