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Free Test Prep NCLEX-PN Exam Questions (page: 41)

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PDF with 1015 Questions

Which cardiac arrhythmia can be either acquired or congenital and can spontaneously disappear on its own or lead to ventricular fibrillation?

  1. Wenckebach
  2. Premature arterial contractions
  3. Torsades de pointes
  4. Premature ventricular contractions

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Torsades de pointes, a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, can be either congenital or acquired; at times, it can spontaneously terminate but it frequently leads to ventricular fibrillation. In some cases, cardiac death can occur with the first episode.
All of the other cardiac arrhythmias, or dysrhythmias, are acquired and not congenital.



Which quality assurance or performance improvement technique is used to identify underlying process flaws?

  1. Small group process
  2. Root cause analysis
  3. People at fault process
  4. Cause and effect

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Root cause analysis is a quality assurance or performance improvement technique that is used to identify the underlying, root causes of a problem.
Root cause analysis focuses on process flaws and NOT on people who have erred or made a mistake.
A cause and effect diagram may be used for root cause analysis but it, in itself, is not a quality assurance or performance improvement technique.
Although small groups participate in quality assurance or performance improvement activities, small groups are not a quality assurance or performance improvement technique.



You have been assigned to care for a neonate who has been diagnosed with the Tetralogy of Fallot. The mother asks you what the Tetralogy of Fallot is.

How should you respond to this mother?

  1. “The Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital gastrointestinal disorder”
  2. “The Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac disorder”
  3. “The Tetralogy of Fallot will affect the baby’s reflexes”
  4. “The Tetralogy of Fallot will affect the baby’s ability to breastfeed”

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac disorder that is classified as a cyanotic, rather than acyanotic, congenital heart disorder that is characterized with abnormal cardiac anomalies.
There is no relationship between the Tetralogy of Fallot and reflexes or breastfeeding.



Which pain assessment scale is used exclusively for infants and neonates from 32 weeks of gestation to six months of age?

  1. The PEPPS pain scale
  2. The FLACC pain scale
  3. The Faces pain scale
  4. The CRIES pain scale

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The CRIES Pain scale is used exclusively for infants and neonates from 32 weeks of gestation to six months of age.
This scale has five behavioral measurements that are scored from 0 to 2; the behavioral measurements include the infant’s crying, requirements for increased oxygen, increased vital signs, expression, and sleepiness.
The PEPPS pain scale (Pre-Verbal, Early Verbal Pediatric Pain Scale is used to assess and measure pain among toddlers. The Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability
Scale (FLACC) is used for infants over two months of age and children up to three years of age. The Faces Pain Scale contains cartoon like pictures of six faces ranging from 0, or “no hurt” to 10 which represents “the worst hurt”. It is used for pediatric patients who are three years of age and older.



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