When an EMT receives an emergency call, which of the following procedures MUST be performed every time?1. Support and maintain ABCs 2. Obtain SAMPLE and OPQRST histories3. Treat for shock 4. Quickly apply a tourniquet
Answer(s): B
An EMT must always check, support, and maintain a patient’s airway, circulation, and breathing, as well as inquire about medical history and events leading to the emergency. Not all emergency medical situations will result in shock nor will a tourniquet always be necessary.
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?
Answer(s): D
Thyroid hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism. Insulin is involved in glucose uptake into tissues, testosterone is for sperm production and secondary male sexual characteristics, and adrenaline is responsible for mechanisms in the flight-or-fight response.
A cluster of capillaries that functions as the main filter of the blood entering the kidney is known as which of the following?
Answer(s): C
A cluster of capillaries that functions as the main filter of the blood entering the kidney is known as the glomerulus. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus and receives fluid and solutes from it; therefore. The loop of Henle is a part of the kidney tubule where water and nutrients are reabsorbed. The nephron is the unit containing all of these anatomical.
A 40-year-old female patient presents with jaundice, yellowing of her eyes, and abdominal pain. After supporting and maintaining her ABCs and obtaining her SAMPLE and OPQRST histories, she confesses to the EMT that she’s an IV heroin user. Which of the following diseases does the patient most likely have?
All the respective signs and symptoms are characteristic of hepatitis; however, hepatitis B is specifically caused by sharing needles. As the patient is an IV heroin user, the correct answer is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis A, C, and D have different modes of transmission.
A 43-year-old female patient presents with difficulty breathing, swollen lips and eyes, tightness of chest, and dizziness. The emergency call has come from a restaurant. Which of the following treatments should be given to the patient?
Based on the description of the signs and symptoms, one can conclude that the patient is suffering from anaphylaxis, meaning that she will require a shot of epinephrine. Because the patient is 40 years old, she will need 0.30 mg of epinephrine, the correct adult dose. 0.15 mg is the dose for a pediatric patient.
Which of the following diabetic conditions typically presents itself in early childhood?
Answer(s): A
Type 1 diabetes, or insulin-dependent diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that presents itself in early childhood. Type 2 diabetes and non-insulin dependent diabetes are both names for the same condition. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, nor childhood.
A type of abdominal pain caused by stimulation of an organ’s nerve fibers due to stretching of the organ’s wall is referred to as which of the following?
Visceral pain is caused by stimulation to an organ’s nerve fibers due to stretching of the organ’s wall. Parietal pain is caused by irritation to parietal peritoneal wall. Referred pain occurs when a radiating pain is felt elsewhere than the point of origin. Somatic pain, which was not discussed, is caused by injury to the bones, muscles, skin, and connective tissues.
A 24-year-old male patient presents with pain in the lower-right quadrant of the abdomen. Which of the following is the likeliest cause of the pain?
The organs found in the lower-right quadrant of the abdomen are the appendix, small intestine, and female reproductive organs. Kidney stones are felt more in the back and side, as the kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space. Food poisoning is usually felt in the stomach and intestinal area and usually presents with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The urinary bladder isn’t found in the lower-right quadrant of the abdomen. A key symptom of appendicitis is pain in the lower-right quadrant.
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