An 18-year-old patient is 40 weeks pregnant, and delivery is imminent. Which of the following actions should the EMT anticipate performing for the newborn? (Choose three.)
Answer(s): A,B,D
Initial newborn care focuses on drying, warming, and stimulating to promote effective breathing and prevent heat loss.
A 68-year-old patient has difficulty breathing and audible crackles. The patient has missed the last two dialysis appointments. The vital signs are BP 188/90 mmHg, P 120/min, R 24/min, and SpO2 92% on room air. Which of the following conditions should the EMT most strongly suspect?
Answer(s): A
Missing dialysis leads to fluid retention, causing pulmonary edema and crackles with shortness of breath, consistent with fluid overload.
Lyme disease is transmitted through the bite of:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks.
А 61-year-old patient has a change in mental status and unilateral weakness that began suddenly about half an hour ago. What other sign or symptom would the EMT expect in this patient?
Answer(s): D
Sudden mental status changes and unilateral weakness indicate a possible stroke, which commonly presents with impaired speech such as dysphasia due to affected brain function.
А 3-year-old patient has a nontraumatic nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the EMT perform? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): A,B
Leaning the patient forward prevents blood from being swallowed or aspirated, and pinching the nostrils applies direct pressure to control bleeding.
А 29-year-old patient has stridor and erythema while at an outside event. The vital signs are P 100/min and R 22/min. Which of the following medications should the EMT administer first?
Stridor and erythema indicate a severe allergic reaction with upper airway involvement. Epinephrine is the priority medication because it rapidly reduces airway swelling and improves breathing.
А 33-year-old patient was the restrained driver involved in a front-end collision. The patient reports severe abdominal pain. The patient is 32 weeks pregnant, with mild vaginal bleeding. The patient is anxious with cold, pale skin. The vital signs are BP 78/42, P 136, R 36, and SpO2 92% on room air Which of the following conditions should the EMT most strongly suspect?
Answer(s): C
Trauma in late pregnancy with abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and signs of shock strongly suggests placental abruption, where the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall causing internal bleeding and fetal compromise.
An 18-month-old patient has had a fever and cough for the past week and is now having difficulty breathing. The patient has coarse crackles in their right lower lung. Which of the following conditions should the EMT most strongly suspect as the cause of the patient's signs and symptoms?
A history of fever and cough with localized coarse crackles in one lung field indicates infection and fluid accumulation in the alveoli, which is characteristic of pneumonia.
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