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Free Cybersecurity-Architecture-and-Engineering Exam Braindumps
WGU Cybersecurity Architecture and Engineering (KFO1/D488) Questions 46–50 (page: 11)

Updated On: 11-Feb-2026
Page 11 of 48
PDF with 232 Questions

Which technique allows someone to obtain a password while it is in transit?

  1. Packet sniffing
  2. Buffer overflow
  3. Phishing
  4. Black hat

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Packet sniffing is a technique used to capture and analyze network traffic, which can include intercepting passwords while they are in transit.

When data packets are transmitted over a network, a packet sniffer can capture these packets, and if they are not encrypted, it can read sensitive information like passwords.

The other options:

Buffer overflow is a type of attack that exploits a program's memory handling.

Phishing is a social engineering attack to deceive users into providing sensitive information.

Black hat refers to a hacker with malicious intent, not a specific technique.

Therefore, packet sniffing is the correct technique for obtaining passwords in transit.


Reference:

"Network Security Essentials: Applications and Standards" by William Stallings, which explains packet sniffing and network security threats.

"Computer Security: Principles and Practice" by William Stallings and Lawrie Brown, which covers network attack techniques including packet sniffing.



Which is true about access rights?

  1. They limit users to permitted items.
  2. They are part of the System Development Life Cycle.
  3. They require the use of a compiler.
  4. They are defined by the machine language.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Access rights are critical components of access control mechanisms in information security. They specify what actions users or systems can perform on specific resources, limiting them to only permitted items.

Definition: Access rights, also known as permissions, are rules that define the allowed actions on a resource (e.g., read, write, execute).

Implementation: Access rights are typically implemented using Access Control Lists (ACLs), Role- Based Access Control (RBAC), or other access control models.

Purpose: The main goal is to enforce the principle of least privilege, ensuring that users can only access the resources necessary for their role.

Reference

NIST Special Publication 800-53

ISO/IEC 27001:2013

"Computer Security: Principles and Practice" by William Stallings



Which characteristic applies to machine-level languages?

  1. They use language translators known as compilers
  2. They use cables to connect circuits
  3. They use collection of short scripts
  4. They use language translators known as assemblers

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Machine-level languages, also known as assembly languages, are low-level programming languages that are closely related to machine code.

Definition: Machine-level languages consist of instructions that are directly executed by a computer's CPU.

Assemblers: An assembler is a tool that translates assembly language code into machine code.

Characteristics: Assembly languages are specific to a computer architecture and provide a way to write programs that can be executed by the hardware directly.

Reference

"Structured Computer Organization" by Andrew S. Tanenbaum

"Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective" by Randal E. Bryant and David R. O'Hallaron



What is the role of the compiler?

  1. To take the most recent line of code, translate it, and execute the machine code
  2. To create an executable program by translating all of the code at one time
  3. To run scripting languages to test one line of code at a time
  4. To create executable code that is compatible with different operating systems

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Step by Step Comprehensive Detailed Explanation

A compiler is a program that translates source code written in a high-level programming language into machine code.

Definition: A compiler processes the entire source code of a program and translates it into a machine code executable.

Functionality: This process is typically done in several stages, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation.

Output: The result is an executable file that can be run on a specific operating system.

Reference

"Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools" by Alfred V. Aho, Monica S. Lam, Ravi Sethi, and Jeffrey D. Ullman

NISTIR 7860, "C++ Coding Standards"



What is a function of a compiler?

  1. It translates a source code and creates an executable program that may be run at a later time.
  2. It takes the most recent instruction and translates it as machine language.
  3. It takes a program written in a high-level language and converts it to a different high-level language program.
  4. It gathers together multiple executable programs and translates them into a readable format.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A compiler translates high-level programming language code into machine code, creating an executable program.

Process: The compiler goes through various phases such as parsing, semantic analysis, and optimization to produce the final machine code.

Purpose: This machine code can be executed by the computer's processor at a later time without the need for the original source code.

Reference

"Programming Language Pragmatics" by Michael L. Scott

"Modern Compiler Implementation in C" by Andrew W. Appel



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