Whose approval may be required for change requests after change control board (CCB) approval?
Answer(s): C
Change Control Board (CCB). A formally chartered group responsible for reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying, or rejecting changes to the project, and for recording and communicating such decisions.
The primary benefit of the Plan Schedule Management process is that it:
Process: 6.1 Plan Schedule ManagementDefinition: The process of establishing the policies, procedures, and documentation for planning, developing, managing, executing, and controlling the project schedule.Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.Inputs1. Project management plan2. Project charter3. Enterprise environmental factors4. Organizational process assetsTools & Techniques1. Expert judgment2. Analytical techniques3. MeetingsOutputs1. Schedule management plan
Grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority and their level of concern regarding project outcomes describes which classification model for stakeholder analysis?
13.1.2.1 Stakeholder AnalysisStakeholder analysis is a technique of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project. It identifies the interests, expectations, and influence of the stakeholders and relates them to the purpose of the project. It also helps to identify stakeholder relationships (with the project and with other stakeholders) that can be leveraged to build coalitions and potential partnerships to enhance the project’s chance of success, along with stakeholder relationships that need to be influenced differently at different stages of the project or phase.Stakeholder analysis generally follows the steps described below:Identify all potential project stakeholders and relevant information, such as their roles, departments, interests, knowledge, expectations, and influence levels. Key stakeholders are usually easy to identify. They include anyone in a decision-making or management role who is impacted by the project outcome, such as the sponsor, the project manager, and the primary customer. Identifying other stakeholders is usually done by interviewing identified stakeholders and expanding the list until all potential stakeholders are included.Analyze the potential impact or support each stakeholder could generate, and classify them so as to define an approach strategy. In large stakeholder communities, it is important to prioritize the stakeholders to ensure the efficient use of effort to communicate and manage their expectations.Assess how key stakeholders are likely to react or respond in various situations, in order to plan how to influence them to enhance their support and mitigate potential negative impacts.There are multiple classification models used for stakeholders analysis, such as:Power/interest grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority (“power”) and their level or concern (“interest”) regarding the project outcomes;Power/influence grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their level of authority (“power”) and their active involvement (“influence”) in the project;Influence/impact grid, grouping the stakeholders based on their active involvement (“influence”) in the project and their ability to effect changes to the project’s planning or execution (“impact”); andSalience model, describing classes of stakeholders based on their power (ability to impose their will), urgency (need for immediate attention), and legitimacy (their involvement is appropriate).
Variance and trend analysis is a tool and technique used in which process?
Process: 11.6 Control RisksDefinition: The process of implementing risk response plans, tracking identified risks, monitoring residual risks, identifying new risks, and evaluating risk process effectiveness throughout the project.Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it improves efficiency of the risk approach throughout the project life cycle to continuously optimize risk responses.Inputs1. Project management plan2. Risk register3. Work performance data4. Work performance reportsTools & Techniques1. Risk reassessment2. Risk audits3. Variance and trend analysis4. Technical performance measurement5. Reserve analysis6. MeetingsOutputs1. Work performance information2. Change requests3. Project management plan updates4. Project documents updates5. Organizational process assets updates
An intentional activity to modify a nonconforming product or product component is called:
Answer(s): A
4.3.3.3 Change RequestsA change request is a formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline. An approved change request will replace the associated document, deliverable, or baseline and may result in an update to other parts of the project management plan. When issues are found while project work is being performed, change requests are submitted, which may modify project policies or procedures, project scope, project cost or budget, project schedule, or project quality. Other change requests cover the needed preventive or corrective actions to forestall negative impact later in the project. Requests for a change can be direct or indirect, externally or internally initiated, and can be optional or legally/contractually mandated, and may include:Corrective action—An intentional activity that realigns the performance of the project work with the project management plan;Preventive action—An intentional activity that ensures the future performance of the project work is aligned with the project management plan;Defect repair—An intentional activity to modify a nonconforming product or product component;Updates—Changes to formally controlled project documents, plans, etc., to reflect modified or additional ideas or content.
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