Which of the following is true about counseling within a cultural context?
Answer(s): B
Personal identity becomes more clearly defined within a cultural context. Furthermore, behaviors are measured more accurately, consequences of problems are more obvious and counseling interviews are more meaningful when held within a cultural context. When a counselor counsels within a cultural context, the clients will be able to relate to what the counselor is saying and will be able to view themselves and self-reflect.
In the United States, each socioeconomic group represents a different culture because they share:
Answer(s): D
Typically, members of each socioeconomic group share similar ideas, behaviors, and values which fits the definition of culture.
Therapists adhering to which of the following theories would believe that aggression is learned through modeling?
Answer(s): A
Albert Bandura demonstrated this with his famous Bobo Doll Experiments. Children in the group who saw the adult treat the doll aggressively were much more aggressive in their own treatment of the doll. Behaviorists would believe aggression is learned through conditioning. Psychodynamic followers would explain aggression as an instinct - Thanatos. The humanistic explanation is that aggression is caused by unmet needs.
Which theorist spoke of social connectedness?
Answer(s): C
Social connectedness is the measure of how an individual is connected to and takes interest in the well-being of others. Adler believed when people reached a level of social connectedness, they would feel successful and happy. The other theorists mentioned above adhered more toward an individualistic explanation of success and happiness.
Which is true about Freud's idea of the preconscious mind?
The pre-conscious mind contains elements from both the unconscious and the conscious minds. The unconscious mind contains hidden or forgotten memories and the conscious mind contains what is happening in the present.
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