You discover a penetrating wound to the anterior chest while assessing an unresponsive patient. What should you do first?
Answer(s): C
Penetrating chest wounds must be covered with an occlusive dressing before applying a trauma dressing. This must always be done prior to assessing your patient’s vitals.
Out of all the types of patients below, which one should be your first priority?
Any burn patient who has their breathing compromised should be considered a high priority and transported immediately. Patients with first-degree (also known as superficial) burns or pains would be considered to be a lower transport priority in comparison to the first circumstance.
The foramen magnum:
Answer(s): B
The foramen magnum is a large opening at the base of the skull where the brain and spinal cord connect. The atlas (C1) and axis (C2) allow for lateral movement of the head.
Imagine you have a multi-system trauma patient with possible internal bleeding. Which would the correct statement be about the rapid scan for a multi-system trauma patient?
A rapid scan is done as a part of the primary assessment and it is used to identify any life-threatening conditions that may not already have been discovered. Rapid scan machines aren’t used to discover low priority injuries. Looking for low priority injuries should be done during the secondary assessment. All patients who have a possible life-threatening condition, be they conscious or unconscious, should always receive a rapid scan.
A 12-year-old child has been injured at the neighbourhood skate park. He was not wearing a helmet and he is responsive to pain. His breathing includes snoring respirations and there is a deformity at his left ankle. What should you do?
Answer(s): D
You should manually open the patient’s airway with the jaw thrust maneuver before suctioning his airway, securing him to a spine board, or applying a splint to his ankle.
Your patient is exhibiting crepitus to the thorax, paradoxical motion and signs of hypoxia. What should your first suspicion be?
Crepitus to the thorax and paradoxical motion are common signs of a flail chest and can lead to hypoxia. A ruptured spleen and femur fractures would most likely lead to hypovolemia, not hypoxia. Crepitus and paradoxical motion are not signs of anaphylaxis.
You and your partner are treating a confused and restless 16-year-old female with blunt chest trauma, following a motor vehicle accident. She is complaining to you of dyspnea and orthopnea. You note a reduced tidal volume, cyanosis and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should be taken first?
Answer(s): A
Your patient is ventilating inadequately, therefore positive pressure ventilations should be initiated prior to any other assessments being performed.
You have an 8-year-old patient who has blunt chest trauma from being struck by a car. The child is alert, his airway is clear, his breathing is adequate and his pulses are present but weak at 110 beats per minute. Which of the following actions should you take next?
Your next action should be to perform a rapid scan on your patient, to assess for life-threatening injuries. This is more crucial than a pulse oximeter reading. Remember, a patient who is a minor, cannot give consent. An OPA is not required for a patient who is responsive.
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